Demographic characteristics | EQ5D | HAQ | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
β coefficient (95% CI) | p Value | β coefficient (9 5%CI) | p Value | |
Gender (female) | −0.03 (−0.06 to 0.00) | 0.058 | 0.11 (0.07 to 0.15) | <0.001* |
Age (years) | 0.00 (−0.0 to 0.01) | 0.902 | 0.00 (−0.00 to 0.00) | 0.857 |
BMI | ||||
Underweight vs normal | 0.09 (−0.01 to 0.16) | 0.021* | −0.02 (−0.16 to 0.12) | 0.802 |
Overweight vs normal | 0.03 (−0.00 to 0.52) | 0.067 | −0.00 (−0.04 to 0.04) | 0.975 |
Obese vs normal | 0.01 (−0.02 to 0.04) | 0.526 | −0.08 (0.02 to 0.14) | 0.005* |
Years of education | −0.01 (−0.0 to 0.00) | 0.788 | −0.01 (−0.02 to −0.00) | 0.002* |
Employment status | ||||
Employed vs retired or sick leave | −0.04 (−0.09 to −0.00) | 0.046* | 0.14 (0.06 to 0.21) | <0.001* |
Employed vs unemployment | −0.00 (−0.04 to 0.05) | 0.946 | 0.04 (−0.02 to 0.10) | 0.170 |
NUTS II | ||||
Norte vs Lisboa | 0.0 (−0.03 to 0.04) | 0.832 | 0.03 (−0.01 to 0.08) | 0.168 |
Centro vs Lisboa | 0.0 (−0.03 to 0.04) | 0.777 | 0.04 (−0.02 to 0.10) | 0.167 |
Alentejo vs Lisboa | 0.02 (−0.2 to 0.05) | 0.414 | 0.11 (0.05 to 0.18) | 0.001* |
Algarve vs Lisboa | 0.04 (−0.00 to 0.09) | 0.078 | 0.01 (−0.06 to 0.07) | 0.836 |
Azores vs Lisboa | 0.11 (−0.03 to 0.05) | 0.572 | −0.00 (−0.05 to 0.05) | 0.938 |
Madeira vs Lisboa | 0.01 (−0.03 to 0.04) | 0.763 | 0.11 (0.02 to 0–19) | 0.011* |
Number of comorbidities (0–15) | −0.03 (−0.04 to −0.03) | <0.001* | 0.06 (0.05 to 0.08) | <0.001* |
Life-style habits | ||||
Alcohol intake (yes/no) | 0.05 (0.02 to 0.07) | 0.001* | −0.06 (−0.10 to −0.01) | 0.023* |
Regular physical exercise (yes/no) | 0.02 (−0.01 to 0.05) | 0.152 | −0.03 (−0.07 to 0.01) | 0.139 |
Mental disorders | ||||
Anxiety (yes/no) | −0.14 (−0.20 to −0.08) | <0.001* | 0.15 (0.07 to 0.22) | <0.001* |
Depression (yes/no) | −0.14 (−0.19 to −0.09) | <0.001* | 0.32 (0.20 to 0.44) | <0.001* |
RMD diagnosis | ||||
Low back pain (yes/no) | −0.07 (−0.10 to −0.04) | <0.001* | 0.09 (0.04 to 0.13) | <0.001* |
Periarticular disease (yes/no) | −0.04 (−0.08 to −0.01) | 0.016* | 0.06 (0.01 to 0.11) | 0.019* |
Knee osteoarthritis (yes/no) | −0.06 (−0.09 to −0.03) | <0.001* | 0.11 (0.04 to 0.18) | 0.002* |
Osteoporosis (yes/no) | −0.01 (−0.04 to 0.02) | 0.676 | 0.08 (0.01 to 0.15) | 0.033* |
Hand osteoarthritis (yes/no) | −0.00 (−0.04 to 0.03) | 0.831 | −0.00 (−0.08 to 0.07) | 0.903 |
Hip osteoarthritis (yes/no) | −0.05 (−0.10 to 0.01) | 0.083 | −0.30 (−0.70 to 0.10) | 0.145 |
Fibromyalgia (yes/no) | −0.10 (−0.16 to −0.05) | <0.001* | 0.27 (0.10 to 0.43) | <0.001* |
Spondyloarthritis (yes/no) | −0.05 (−0.11 to 0.01) | 0.120 | 0.08 (−0.35 to 0.19) | 0.180 |
Gout (yes/no) | 0.05 (−0.01 to 0.11) | 0.085 | −0.06 (−0.19 to 0.07) | 0.387 |
Rheumatoid arthritis (yes/no) | −0.13 (−0.21 to −0.06) | 0.001* | 0.38 (0.20 to 0.56) | <0.001* |
SLE (yes/no) | 0.03 (−0.072 to 0.13) | 0.585 | 0.23 (−0.07 to 0.53) | 0.137 |
Polymyalgia rheumatica (yes/no) | −0.33 (−0.63 to −0.04) | 0.027* | 1.03 (0.46 to 1.60) | <0.001* |
Hip osteoarthritis×age | – | – | 0.01 (0.00 to 0.01) | 0.016* |
Two multivariable regression models were used: one to identify possible factors that have an impact on the HRQoL, and another to identify possible factors that have an impact on the functional capacity. The estimates were obtained considering study design.
*Adjusted p value<0.05.
BMI, body mass index; EQ5D, European Quality of Life questionnaire five dimensions three levels; HAQ, Health Assessment Questionnaire; NUTS II, Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (North, Centre, Alentejo, Algarve, Lisbon, Madeira and the Azores); RMD, rheumatic and musculoskeletal disease; SLE, systemic lupus erythaematosus.