Details of included studies on chronic inflammatory disease. Studies are sorted on starter status (A) and transplantation type (B), respectively; and on increasing lumbar spine SD (decreasing weight in meta-analysis). Italics: imputed SDs
| Glucocorticoid | Bone loss (% of baseline) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Daily dose | Lumbar spine | Femoral neck | |||||||
| Author, year | RCT | (at 1 year) | Ca/D | Starter | Mean | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| Ferraccioli, 1996 I | + | 10 | − | + | 1.9 | −2.1 | 1.1 | − | − | |
| Ferraccioli, 1996 II | + | 12 | − | + | 5.1 | −4.8 | 1.8 | − | − | |
| Jenkins, 1999 | + | 10 | + | + | 8.2 | −3.7 | 2.8 | −1.2 | 3.6 | |
| Van Offel, 2001 | + | 10 | + | + | 6.9 | −2.5 | 2.8 | 1.5 | 4.8 | |
| Boutsen, 2001 | + | 9 | − | + | 8.9 | −4.6 | 2.9 | −3.1 | 4.1 | |
| Cohen, 1999 | + | 57 | + | + | 11.1 | −2.8 | 3.8 | −3.1 | 5.3 | |
| Adachi, 1996 I | + | 23 | − | + | 13.5 | −2.6 | 4.1 | − | − | |
| Adachi, 1996 II | + | 26 | − | + | 12.6 | −4.1 | 4.1 | − | − | |
| Cacoub, 2001 I | + | 34 | + | + | 15.1 | −3.9 | 4.1 | − | − | |
| Cacoub, 2001 II | + | 33 | + | + | 16.4 | −3.0 | 4.1 | − | − | |
| Dolan, 1997 I | − | 27 | − | + | 10.6 | −2.6 | 4.1 | −4.5 | 4.8 | |
| Dolan, 1997 II | − | 23 | − | + | 3.6 | −2.2 | 4.1 | −3.9 | 4.8 | |
| Messina, 1992 | + | 8 | − | + | 10.0 | −2.2 | 4.1 | −7.0 | 4.8 | |
| Pearce, 1998 | − | 19 | − | + | 6.0 | −2.2 | 4.1 | −2.5 | 4.8 | |
| van Everdingen, 2003 | + | 34 | + | + | 10.0 | −2.7 | 4.1 | 0.0 | 4.8 | |
| Adachi, 1997 | + | 63 | + | + | 11.3 | −3.2 | 4.8 | −1.7 | 5.3 | |
| van Schaardenburg, 1995 | + | 28 | + | + | 9.8 | −3.4 | 5.3 | −4.0 | 4.2 | |
| Hansen, 1999 | − | 42 | − | + | 5.9 | −2.7 | 5.8 | − | − | |
| Healey, 1996 | + | 22 | + | + | 9.2 | −0.2 | 5.9 | −3.3 | 6.5 | |
| weighted mean | −3.0 | −2.7 | ||||||||
| Kipen, 1998 | − | 21 | − | − | 11.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 1.9 | |
| Jardinet, 1999 II | − | 13 | − | − | 5.1 | −0.6 | 1.9 | − | − | |
| Buckley, 1996 I | + | 21 | + | − | 5.5 | 0.7 | 2.3 | 0.7 | 2.3 | |
| Stoch, 2009 I | + | 13 | + | − | 13.4 | −1.0 | 2.7 | 0.1 | 3.8 | |
| Stoch, 2009 II | + | 30 | + | − | 12.6 | −0.6 | 2.7 | 0.1 | 3.8 | |
| Hakala, 2012 | + | 65 | + | − | 5.4 | −0.1 | 3.0 | −0.6 | 3.2 | |
| Abitbol, 2007 | + | 29 | + | − | 14.0 | −2.0 | 3.2 | −1.7 | 3.7 | |
| Buckley, 1996 II | + | 23 | − | − | 5.5 | −1.7 | 3.2 | 0.0 | 3.2 | |
| Reid, 2000 | + | 67 | + | − | 13.0 | 0.4 | 3.3 | −0.3 | 4.1 | |
| Saag, 1998 | + | 124 | + | − | 10.0 | −0.4 | 3.3 | −1.2 | 4.4 | |
| Jardinet, 1999 I | − | 15 | − | − | 12.9 | −2.1 | 3.4 | − | − | |
| Westby, 1999 | + | 10 | + | − | 5.0 | −1.9 | 3.5 | −1.4 | 4.9 | |
| Geusens, 1998 | + | 13 | + | − | 4.7 | −2.0 | 3.6 | –1.0 | 5.4 | |
| Pitt, 1998 | + | 23 | + | − | 6.4 | 0.5 | 3.7 | 1.6 | 6.1 | |
| Kotaniemi, 1996 | + | 23 | + | − | 8.4 | −0.6 | 4.1 | −2.7 | 4.8 | |
| Lakatos, 2000 | + | 20 | + | − | 14.7 | −4.2 | 4.1 | −2.3 | 4.8 | |
| Lems, 2006 | + | 58 | + | − | 7.6 | −1.0 | 4.1 | − | − | |
| Loddenkemper, 2003 | − | 51 | + | − | 7.5 | 2.0 | 4.1 | 0.0 | 4.8 | |
| Miyamoto, 1999 | − | 44 | − | − | 3.5 | −5.6 | 4.1 | −3.8 | 4.8 | |
| Pons, 1995 | − | 21 | − | − | 7.9 | −0.3 | 4.1 | −0.2 | 4.8 | |
| Skingle, 1997 | + | 12 | + | − | 8.9 | −1.2 | 4.1 | 0.5 | 4.8 | |
| von Tirpitz, 2000 | + | 11 | + | − | 1.2 | −2.2 | 4.1 | − | − | |
| Uaratanawong, 2004 | − | 88 | − | − | 11.0 | 0.9 | 4.3 | 0.5 | 4.8 | |
| Adachi, 1994 | − | 33 | + | − | 7.8 | −1.8 | 4.4 | − | − | |
| Eastell, 2000 | + | 40 | − | − | 5.5 | −2.0 | 4.4 | −1.2 | 3.8 | |
| Roux, 1998 | + | 55 | + | − | 11.2 | −2.8 | 4.7 | −2.6 | 5.0 | |
| Benucci, 2009 | − | 23 | + | − | 7.5 | −3.0 | 5.3 | −2.4 | 5.3 | |
| Cino, 2002 | − | 45 | + | − | 10.5 | −0.7 | 5.4 | −0.6 | 6.7 | |
| Sebaldt, 1999 | − | 24 | + | − | 12.6 | −3.5 | 6.4 | −4.6 | 8.2 | |
| Hansen, 1998 | + | 14 | − | − | 5.0 | 1.5 | 6.7 | −2.1 | 4.8 | |
| weighted mean | 1.1 | −0.8 | ||||||||
| Glucocorticoid | Bone loss (% of baseline) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Daily dose | Lumbar spine | Femoral neck | |||||||
| Author, year | Tx | RCT | (at 1 year) | Ca/D | Starter | Mean | Mean | SD | Mean | SD |
| Josephson, 2004 I | Renal | + | 15 | − | + | 22.4 | −2.0 | 5.3 | 1.3 | 7.1 |
| Nowacka, 2001 | Renal | + | 11 | − | + | 14.8 | −0.4 | 5.9 | 1.4 | 11.0 |
| ter Meulen, 2004 | Renal | + | 126 | + | + | 6.0 | 0.0 | 7.3 | −0.7 | 8.4 |
| Wissing, 2005 II | Renal | + | 38 | + | − | 10.4 | −3.3 | 7.4 | −1.5 | 8.0 |
| Casez, 2002 | Renal | − | 30 | − | + | 21.2 | −6.3 | 7.6 | −2.6 | 8.1 |
| De Sevaux, 2000 | Renal | − | 60 | − | + | 17.0 | −6.5 | 7.6 | −3.8 | 8.1 |
| Masse, 2001 | Renal | − | 47 | + | + | 13.6 | −4.6 | 7.6 | – | – |
| Torres, 2004 | Renal | + | 41 | + | + | 17.2 | −5.4 | 7.7 | −2.6 | 8.3 |
| Fan, 1999 | Renal | + | 12 | − | + | 13.4 | −6.4 | 8.0 | −9.0 | 9.6 |
| Yun, 1996 | Renal | − | 19 | − | − | 24.6 | −8.2 | 8.0 | – | – |
| Wissing, 2005 I | Renal | + | 41 | + | + | 10.3 | −1.4 | 8.2 | 1.0 | 7.7 |
| Josephson, 2004 II | Renal | + | 10 | + | + | 22.4 | 1.3 | 10.9 | 0.5 | 3.4 |
| weighted mean | −3.7 | −1.4 | ||||||||
| Berguer, 1994 | Heart | − | 7 | + | + | 11.5 | −4.9 | 5.0 | −8.2 | 6.1 |
| Crawford, 2006 | Liver | + | 25 | + | + | 30.6 | 2.8 | 5.8 | −3.3 | 4.9 |
| Shane, 1998 | Heart | − | 41 | + | + | 24.1 | −6.8 | 6.4 | −10.6 | 7.0 |
| Krieg, 2001 | Heart | − | 17 | + | + | 7.7 | −4.6 | 7.4 | −7.1 | 11.5 |
| Sambrook, 1994 | Heart | − | 13 | − | + | 52.7 | −7.6 | 7.6 | – | – |
| Aris, 2000 | Lung | − | 18 | + | + | 20.2 | 2.0 | 12.7 | – | – |
| Weighted mean | −3.3 | −7.2 | ||||||||
Ca/D, use of calcium or vitamin D; RCT, randomised controlled trial.