Table 5

Multivariate association analysis of risk factors for CHB outcome

VariableCovariate 1Covariate 2OR (95% CI)p Value
Infection*18.2 (5.0 to 116.1)0.00013
InfectionBirth season† 17.3 (4.7 to 111.3)0.00018
InfectionOutdoor activity‡ 18.2 (4.9 to 118.2)0.00016
InfectionBirth seasonOutdoor activity18.0 (4.8 to 117.2)0.00018
Outdoor activity0.6 (0.3 to 1.1)0.07
Outdoor activityInfection0.5 (0.2 to 0.9)0.04
Outdoor activityBirth season0.6 (0.3 to 1.2)0.14
Outdoor activityInfectionBirth season0.5 (0.2 to 1.0)0.07
Birth season2.2 (1.1 to 4.2)0.02
Birth seasonInfection1.9 (0.9 to 3.9)0.08
Birth seasonOutdoor activity1.9 (0.9 to 3.7)0.07
Birth seasonOutdoor activityInfection1.6 (0.7 to 3.5)0.20

  • *Includes respiratory tract infections, gastrointestinal tract infections and skin infections.

  • † CHB risk period falls into January–March.6

  • ‡ Examples given were games, sports, walks, gardening and work.

  • CHB, congenital heart block.