Objective. To describe obstetrical and neonatal outcomes in Canadian women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods. An administrative database of hospitalizations for neonatal delivery (1998-2009) from Calgary, Alberta was searched to identify women with RA (38 pregnancies) or SLE (95 pregnancies), and women from the general population matched on maternal age and year of delivery (150 and 375 pregnancies, resp.). Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) for maternal and neonatal outcomes, adjusting for parity. Results. Women with SLE had increased odds for preeclampsia or eclampsia (SLE OR 2.16 (95% CI 1.10-4.21; P = 0.024); RA OR 2.33 (95% CI 0.76-7.14; P = 0.138)). Women with SLE had increased odds for cesarean section after adjustment for dysfunctional labour, instrumentation and previous cesarean section (OR 3.47 (95% CI 1.67-7.22; P < 0.001)). Neonates born to women with SLE had increased odds of prematurity (SLE OR 6.17 (95% CI 3.28-11.58; P < 0.001); RA OR 2.66 (95% CI 0.90-7.84; P = 0.076)) and of SGA (SLE OR 2.54 (95% CI 1.42-4.55; P = 0.002); RA OR 2.18 (95% CI 0.84-5.66; P = 0.108)) after adjusting for maternal hypertension. There was no excess risk of congenital defects in neonates. Conclusions. There is increased obstetrical and neonatal morbidity in Canadian women with RA or SLE.