The synovium is the major target tissue of inflammatory arthritides such as rheumatoid
arthritis. The study of synovial tissue has advanced considerably throughout the past few …

Synovial immunopathology in rheumatoid arthritis is complex involving both resident and
infiltrating cells. The synovial tissue undergoes significant neovascularization, facilitating an …

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a systemic inflammatory condition characterised by multiple
clinical manifestations. Over the last decade, significant progress has been made in …

Th17 cells are an important therapeutic target in autoimmunity. However, it is known that
Th17 cells exhibit considerable plasticity, particularly at sites of autoimmune inflammation …

Introduction: Identifying and quantifying inflammatory disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis
remains a challenge. Many studies have suggested that a large proportion of patients may …

Immune checkpoint blockade with therapeutic anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated
antigen (CTLA)-4 (Ipilimumab) and anti-programmed death (PD)-1 (Nivolumab and …

Objective To examine the effects of tofacitinib on metabolic activity, mitochondrial function,
and proinflammatory mechanisms in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods Ex vivo RA synovial …

Abstract The inflammatory CD40–CD40L pathway is implicated in various autoimmune
diseases, but the activity status of this pathway in various stages of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) …

In autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), regulatory T cells (Tregs) fail to
constrain autoimmune inflammation; however, the reasons for this are unclear. We …

During inflammation, immune cells activated by toll-like receptors (TLRs) have the ability to
undergo a bioenergetic switch towards glycolysis in a manner similar to that observed in …