Background Reaching the therapeutic target of remission or low-disease activity has
improved outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) significantly. The treat-to-target …

Leptin is one of the most relevant factors secreted by adipose tissue and the forerunner of a
class of molecules collectively called adipokines. Initially discovered in 1994, its crucial role …

In the mid-1990s, interest in adipose tissue–until then generally regarded as a mere energy
reserve–was revived by the discovery of leptin. Since then numerous other cytokine-like …

Objective The long‐term safety of therapeutic agents that neutralize tumor necrosis factor
(TNF) is uncertain. Recent evidence based on spontaneous reporting shows an association …

Objective To examine the efficacy and safety of the humanized anti–interleukin‐6 receptor
antibody tocilizumab combined with conventional disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs …

Background: The anti-interleukin (IL) 6 receptor antibody tocilizumab inhibits signalling of
IL6, a key cytokine in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. Objective: To evaluate through …

Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) is elaborated by the T helper 17 (TH17) subset of TH cells and
exhibits potent proinflammatory properties in animal models of autoimmunity, including …

Objective To investigate the impact of official recommendations regarding the management
of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection on the rate of active TB in patients receiving treatment …

Anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) monoclonal antibodies or soluble TNF receptors have
become an invaluable treatment against chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid …

Objectives Apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, regulates inflammatory
mediators. Psoriatic Arthritis Long-term Assessment of Clinical Efficacy 1 (PALACE 1) …