RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Efficacy and safety of topical and systemic medications: a systematic literature review informing the EULAR recommendations for the management of Sjögren’s syndrome
JF RMD Open
JO RMD Open
FD EULAR
SP e001064
DO 10.1136/rmdopen-2019-001064
VO 5
IS 2
A1 Pilar Brito-Zerón
A1 Soledad Retamozo
A1 Belchin Kostov
A1 Chiara Baldini
A1 Hendrika Bootsma
A1 Salvatore De Vita
A1 Thomas Dörner
A1 Jacques-Eric Gottenberg
A1 Aike A. Kruize
A1 Thomas Mandl
A1 Wan-Fai Ng
A1 Raphaele Seror
A1 Athanasios G. Tzioufas
A1 Claudio Vitali
A1 Simon Bowman
A1 Xavier Mariette
A1 Manuel Ramos-Casals
YR 2019
UL http://rmdopen.bmj.com/content/5/2/e001064.abstract
AB Objective To evaluate current evidence on the efficacy and safety of topical and systemic medications in patients with primary Sjögren syndrome (SjS) to inform European League Against Rheumatism treatment recommendations.Methods The MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched for case-control/prospective cohort studies, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews.Results Current evidence in primary SjS patients fulfilling the 2002 criteria is based on the data from 9 RCTs, 18 prospective cohort studies and 5 case-control studies. Two Cochrane systematic literature reviews (SLRs) have reported that topical treatments for dry mouth and dry eye are safe and effective. Ocular cyclosporine A was safe and effective in two RCTs including 1039 patients with dry eye syndrome. Two Cochrane SLRs on serum tear drops and plugs showed inconsistency in possible benefits, both for symptoms and objective measures. Five RCTs reported significant improvements in oral dryness and salivary flow rates for pilocarpine and cevimeline. An RCT showed no significant placebo-differences for hydroxychloroquine 400 mg/day for the primary outcome (visual analogue scale (VAS) composite of dryness, fatigue and pain). We identified seven RCTs carried out in primary SjS patients. RCTs using infliximab, anakinra and baminercept found no placebo-differences for the primary outcomes. The two largest RCTs randomised 255 patients to receive rituximab or placebo and reported no significant results in the primary outcome (VAS composite), while prospective studies suggested efficacy in systemic disease.Conclusion The current evidence supporting the use of the main topical therapeutic options of primary SjS is solid, while limited data from RCTs are available to guide systemic therapies.