PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Isabel Morales-Ivorra AU - Javier Narváez AU - Carmen Gómez-Vaquero AU - Carmen Moragues AU - Joan M Nolla AU - José A Narváez AU - Manuel Alejandro Marín-López TI - A Thermographic Disease Activity Index for remote assessment of rheumatoid arthritis AID - 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002615 DP - 2022 Nov 01 TA - RMD Open PG - e002615 VI - 8 IP - 2 4099 - http://rmdopen.bmj.com/content/8/2/e002615.short 4100 - http://rmdopen.bmj.com/content/8/2/e002615.full SO - RMD Open2022 Nov 01; 8 AB - Objectives Remote assessment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has increased during recent years. However, telematic consultations preclude the possibility of carrying out a physical examination and obtaining objective inflammation. In this study, we developed and validated two novel composite disease activity indexes (Thermographic Disease Activity Index (ThermoDAI) and ThermoDAI-CRP) based on thermography of hands and machine learning, in order to assess disease activity easily, rapidly and without formal joint counts.Methods ThermoDAI was developed as the sum of Thermographic Joint Inflammation Score (ThermoJIS), a novel joint inflammation score based on the analysis of thermal images of the hands by machine learning, the Patient Global Assessment (PGA) and, for ThermoDAI-CRP, the C reactive protein (CRP). Construct validity was tested in 146 patients with RA by using Spearman’s correlation with ultrasound-determined grey-scale synovial hypertrophy (GS) and power Doppler (PD) scores, CDAI, SDAI and DAS28-CRP.Results Correlations of ultrasound scores with ThermoDAI (GS=0.52; PD=0.56) and ThermoDAI-CRP (GS=0.58; PD=0.61) were moderate to strong, while the correlations of ultrasound scores with PGA (GS=0.35; PD=0.39) and PGA+CRP (GS=0.44; PD=0.46) were weak to moderate. ThermoDAI and ThermoDAI-CRP also showed strong correlations with Clinical Disease Activity Index (ρ>0.83), Simplified Disease Activity Index (ρ>0.85) and Disease Activity Score with 28-Joint Counts-CRP (ρ>0.81) and high sensitivity for detecting active synovitis using remission criteria.Conclusions ThermoDAI and ThermoDAI-CRP showed stronger correlations with ultrasound-determined synovitis than PGA and PGA + CRP, thus presenting an opportunity to improve remote consultations with patients with RA.