RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Inflammatory rheumatic diseases with onset after SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination: a report of 267 cases from the COVID-19 and ASD group JF RMD Open JO RMD Open FD EULAR SP e003022 DO 10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003022 VO 9 IS 2 A1 Ursini, Francesco A1 Ruscitti, Piero A1 Addimanda, Olga A1 Foti, Rosario A1 Raimondo, Vincenzo A1 Murdaca, Giuseppe A1 Caira, Virginia A1 Pigatto, Erika A1 Cuomo, Giovanna A1 Lo Gullo, Alberto A1 Cavazzana, Ilaria A1 Campochiaro, Corrado A1 Naclerio, Caterina A1 De Angelis, Rossella A1 Ciaffi, Jacopo A1 Mancarella, Luana A1 Brusi, Veronica A1 Marchetti, Elena A1 Motta, Francesca A1 Visentini, Marcella A1 Lorusso, Sebastiano A1 De Santis, Maria A1 De Luca, Giacomo A1 Massaro, Laura A1 Olivo, Domenico A1 Pellegrini, Roberta A1 Francioso, Francesca A1 Luppino, Jessica A1 Di Cola, Ilenia A1 Foti, Roberta A1 Varcasia, Giuseppe A1 Caso, Francesco A1 Reta, Massimo A1 Dagna, Lorenzo A1 Selmi, Carlo A1 Iagnocco, Annamaria A1 Giacomelli, Roberto A1 Iannone, Florenzo A1 Ferri, Clodoveo YR 2023 UL http://rmdopen.bmj.com/content/9/2/e003022.abstract AB Objectives To better define the spectrum of new-onset post-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 vaccine inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) from a large multicentric observational study.Methods Consecutive cases of IRD encountered during a 12-month period and satisfying one of the following inclusion criteria: (a) onset of the rheumatic manifestations within 4 weeks from SARS-CoV-2 infection or (b) onset of the rheumatic manifestations within 4 weeks from the administration of one of the COVID-19 vaccines ws recruited.Results The final analysis cohort comprised 267 patients, of which 122 (45.2%) in the post-COVID-19 and 145 (54.8%) in the postvaccine cohort. Distribution of IRD categories differed between the two cohorts: the post-COVID-19 cohort had a higher percentage of patients classified as having inflammatory joint diseases (IJD, 52.5% vs 37.2%, p=0.013) while the post-vaccine cohort had a higher prevalence of patients classified as polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR, 33.1% vs 21.3%, p=0.032). No differences were detected in the percentage of patients diagnosed with connective tissue diseases (CTD 19.7% vs 20.7%, p=0.837) or vasculitis (6.6% vs 9.0%, p=0.467). Despite the short follow-up period, IJD and PMR patients’ response to first-line therapy was favourable, with both groups achieving a drop in baseline disease activity scores of ~30% and ~70% respectively.Conclusion Our article reports the largest cohort published to date of new-onset IRD following SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccines. Although causality cannot be ascertained, the spectrum of possible clinical manifestations is broad and includes IJD, PMR, CTD and vasculitis.Data are available upon reasonable request.