Table 1

Baseline characteristics of participants (n=442)

Age*, years56.3 (13.0)
Gender, female307 (69.5)
Employment status
 Working full-time154 (34.8)
 Working part-time68 (15.4)
 Retired142 (32.1)
 Other78 (17.6)
Chronic Pain Grade
 I92 (20.8)
 II174 (39.4)
 III97 (22.0)
 IV79 (17.9)
GHQ*3.2 (3.6)
EQ-5D*0.69 (0.19)
SF-36*
 Physical component40.6 (7.9)
 Mental component45.2 (10.7)
Fatigue*19.6 (5.9)
VPMI*
 Passive coping29.5 (7.3)
 Active coping24.9 (4.2)
Sleep scale*9.2 (5.6)
Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia*35.8 (5.3)
  • Values are n (%) except * which are mean (SD).

  • GHQ, General Health Questionnaire; SF-36, 36-item Short Form Health Questionnaire; VPMI, Vanderbilt Pain Management Inventory.