Table 3

Linear regression analysis with log transformation of factors associated with baseline KL hand score

	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis*
	β (95% CI)	p Value	β (95% CI)	p Value
Age	0.022 (0.02 to 0.03)	<0.001	0.022 (0.01 to 0.03)	<0.0001
Sex
Men	Ref
Menopausal women	0.11 (−0.01 to 0.24)	0.06		NS
Non-menopausal women	0.08 (−0.08 to 0.24)	0.31
BMI≥30 vs <30 kg/m²	0.07 (−0.04 to 0.18)	0.19	0.1 (−0.01 to 0.2)	0.07
Comorbidities
Diabetes	0.065 (−0.11 to 0.24)	0.48
Hypertension	−0.02 (−0.12 to 0.09)	0.75
Dyslipidaemia	−0.03 (−0.15 to 0.09)	0.63
Coronary heart disease	0.01 (−0.17 to 0.2)	0.87
Depression	−0.1 (−0.29 to 0.07)	0.23
Stroke	0.04 (−0.3 to 0.38)	0.81
Alcohol consumption
No	Ref
Previous use	0.17 (−0.42 to 0.76)	0.57
Yes	−0.1 (−0.21 to 0.01)	0.07
Tobacco use
No	Ref
Previous use	−0.11 (−0.24 to 0.02)	0.08
Yes	−0.08 (−0.28 to 0.13à)	0.46
Clinical variables
FIHOA≥5+pain	0.21 (0.09 to 0.33)	<0.001	0.2 (0.09 to 0.32)	<0.001
Radiographic variables
Baseline KL knee score	0.15 (0.04 to 0.26)	0.008	0.1 (−0.001 to 0.21)	0.05

*Systematic adjustment on age and BMI.
Statistically significant results are in bold.
BMI, body mass index; FIHOA, Functional Index for Hand Osteoarthritis; KL, Kellgren-Lawrence; NS, no significance.