Table 5

Associations of subject characteristics with mean SF-12v2 mental component scale scores among 2401 SICCA* participants with symptoms of dry eyes and dry mouth

	Unadjusted β (95% CI)	Unadjusted p	Multivariable adjusted β† (95% CI)	Multivariable adjusted p†
Age	0.10 (0.07 to 0.13)	<0.001	0.11 (0.08 to 0.15)	<0.001
Gender, female	−1.16 (−2.69 to 0.36)	0.14	−1.17 (−2.68 to 0.34)	0.13
Country of residence
Argentina	−3.14 (−4.48 to 1.80)	<0.001	−3.11 (−4.43 to 1.79)	<0.001
China	5.72 (4.10 to 7.34)	<0.001	3.82 (2.10 to 5.53)	<0.001
Denmark	1.42 (0.23 to 2.60)	0.02	1.21 (0.03 to 2.38)	0.04
India	1.12 (−1.08 to 3.33)	0.32	0.09 (−2.31 to 2.49)	0.94
Japan	−0.63 (−2.20 to 0.93)	0.43	−1.65 (−3.23 to 0.06)	0.04
UK	−1.83 (−3.31 to 0.35)	0.02	−3.21 (−4.70 to 1.73)	<0.001
USA	Reference		Reference
Education, college	0.27 (−0.64 to 1.19)	0.56
Employed	0.28 (−0.56 to 1.13)	0.51
Meeting SS criteria	2.17 (1.32 to 3.03)	<0.001	1.37 (0.50 to 2.23)	0.002
Anticholinergic medication	−3.73 (−4.62 to 2.84)	<0.001	−3.48 (−4.42 to 2.54)	<0.001
Medications‡
None	Reference
NSAIDS	−1.03 (−2.30 to 0.25)	0.11
Cholinomimetic drugs	−0.85 (−2.73 to 1.04)	0.38
Antimalarials	−1.44 (−2.90 to 0.02)	0.06
Other immunosuppressants§	0.23 (−1.03 to 1.50)	0.72

*Participants from the Sjögren’s International Collaborative Clinical Alliance registry.
†All factors with a p value ≤0.10 on univariate analysis entered into multivariate model; p value ≤0.05 to remain in model.
‡Systemic medications used for the management of SS-related symptoms and currently received at study entry.
§Include corticosteroids, alkylating agents, antimetabolites, tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, anti-CD-20 and other immune-modifying biological agents.
β, beta coefficient; NSAIDS, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; SF-12v2, Short Form 12, version 2; SS, Sjögren’s syndrome.