Characteristics and periodontal variables in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) and healthy controls
| Characteristics | SpA (n=78) | Controls (n=156) | P value |
| Age (years) | 39.6 (11.0) | 39.5 (11.1) | * |
| Male gender (n (%)) | 47 (60.3) | 94 (60.3) | * |
| Smoking (currently) (n (%)) | 11 (14.1) | 14 (9.0) | 0.14 |
| Obesity (BMI ≥30) (n (%)) | 6 (7.6) | 16 (10.2) | 0.43 |
| Periodontitis (positive)† (n (%)) | 44 (56.4) | 108 (69.2) | 0.01 |
| Severity of periodontitis† (n (%)) | |||
| None | 34 (43.6) | 48 (30.8) | 0.01 |
| Mild | 11 (14.1) | 20 (12.8) | |
| Moderate | 31 (39.7) | 69 (44.2) | |
| Severe | 2 (2.6) | 19 (12.2) | |
| Insertion level total mouth (mm) | 2.4 (0.5) | 2.9 (0.8) | <0.001 |
| CAL average interproximal (mm) | 1.9 (0.6) | 2.3 (0.8) | <0.001 |
| Total pocket depth mouth (mm) | 3.3 (1.7) | 3.2 (1.9) | 0.29 |
| Plaque index (%) | 0.4 (0.2) | 0.5 (0.2) | 0.12 |
| Gingival index (%) | 0.3 (0.2) | 0.4 (0.5) | 0.33 |
| Number of teeth present | 26.1 (4.1) | 25.5 (5.4) | 0.79 |
| Porphyromonas gingivalis (presence) n (%) | 23 (29.4) | 71 (45.5) | <0.01 |
| Treponema denticola (presence) n (%) | 13 (16.6) | 84 (53.8) | <0.001 |
| Tannerella forsythia (presence) n (%) | 6 (7.6) | 75 (48.1) | <0.001 |
| IgG1 anti P. gingivalis (positive) n (%) | 40 (51.2) | 80 (51.2) | 1 |
| IgG2 anti P. gingivalis (positive) n (%) | 41 (52.5) | 74 (47.4) | 0.32 |
All values given as mean (SD) unless specified.
*Age and gender were matching criteria.
†Criteria and severity definition according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-American Academy of Periodontology (CDC-AAP).
BMI, body mass index; CAL, clinical attachment loss.