HRs for the risk of foot and ankle tendinopathy and enthesopathy
Model | HR (95% CI) | P values |
Unadjusted model | ||
Psoriasis | 1.25 (1.20 to 1.30) | <0.0001 |
Multivariable adjusted model | ||
Psoriasis | 1.25 (1.17 to 1.33) | <0.0001 |
Age | 1.44 (1.42 to 1.47) | <0.0001 |
Obesity status | 2.08 (2.04 to 2.12) | <0.0001 |
Smoking status | 0.92 (0.91 to 0.93) | <0.0001 |
Alcohol use | 1.14 (1.12 to 1.16) | <0.0001 |
Charlson Comorbidity Index | 1.19 (1.16 to 1.21) | <0.0001 |
Townsend Deprivation Index | 0.95 (0.95 to 0.96) | <0.0001 |
Systemic psoriasis therapy | 0.61 (0.56 to 0.67) | <0.0001 |
Systemic steroid use | 0.88 (0.86 to 0.90) | <0.0001 |
Fluoroquinolone use | 0.74 (0.72 to 0.76) | <0.0001 |
Cox proportional-hazards models were used to estimate the Hrs of developing foot and ankle tendinopathy or enthesopathy based on whether patients had psoriasis or not (ie, psoriasis vs general population). As can be seen from these models, psoriasis significantly increases the risk of developing foot and ankle tendinopathy or enthesopathy when using unadjusted models as well as models accounting for numerous covariates.