Table 4

Country-specific and overall utility algorithm for patients with SpA based on ASAS HI

ItemContribution in the utility algorithm
UKFranceGermanyThe NetherlandsSpainItalyOverall
Best health (ASAS HI=0)0.880.870.810.900.910.900.88
Pain (Q1)−0.11−0.08−0.10−0.13−0.13−0.12−0.11
Sleeping (Q16)−0.10−0.09−0.10−0.12−0.11−0.12−0.11
Being exhausted (Q5)−0.09−0.07−0.08−0.11−0.09−0.07−0.09
Overcome difficulties (Q17)−0.09−0.06−0.09−0.08−0.10−0.09−0.08
Concentration (Q11)−0.07−0.06−0.08−0.08−0.07−0.09−0.08
Standing (Q2)−0.06−0.06−0.07−0.07−0.08−0.09−0.07
Financial changes (Q15)−0.08−0.04−0.09−0.07−0.08−0.07−0.07
Toileting (Q4)−0.08−0.04−0.08−0.06−0.05−0.07−0.06
Frustrated (Q13)−0.05−0.03−0.06−0.07−0.08−0.09−0.06
Walking outdoors (Q10)−0.07−0.05−0.06−0.05−0.07−0.07−0.06
Motivation for physical effort (Q6)−0.06−0.05−0.05−0.07−0.07−0.06−0.06
Sexual relationship (Q7)−0.05−0.04−0.06−0.05−0.07−0.06−0.06
Travelling (Q12)−0.07−0.04−0.04−0.05−0.05−0.05−0.05
Contact with people (Q9)−0.05−0.03−0.05−0.07−0.05−0.04−0.05
Driving (Q8)−0.04−0.04−0.05−0.04−0.04−0.05−0.04
Running (Q3)−0.03−0.04−0.05−0.04−0.04−0.05−0.04
Washing hair (Q14)−0.02−0.02−0.03−0.03−0.08−0.03−0.03
Worst SpA−0.260.03−0.31−0.29−0.29−0.35−0.24
Example for mild SpA*0.610.640.540.580.590.570.59
  • Italic: Aspects (n=8) included in the health state ‘severe SpA’, which were defined in a pilot study in patients with axial SpA.

  • To calculate the utilities for a specific health state, the intercept, for a person with no complaints (ASAS HI=0), should be subtracted with the value or the aspects of health with problems. The example (*) illustrates the utility values for a patient with problems of pain, sleeping and standing.

  • ASAS HI, Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society Health Index; SpA, spondyloarthritis.