Characteristics at the time of 2019 EULAR/ACR-based classification in the GLADEL cohort patients classified at the same time, earlier or later than based on the 2012 SLICC criteria
| At EULAR/ACR classification | EULAR/ACR classification at the same time, (%) | EULAR/ACR classification earlier, (%) | EULAR/ACR classification later, (%) | P value | |
| n=978 | n=692 (70.8) | n=6 (0.6) | n=280 (28.6) | ||
| Demographic | |||||
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||||
| Mestizos | 377 (38.5) | 249 (35.9) | 3 (50.0) | 126 (44.8) | 0.027 |
| Caucasian | 478 (48.9) | 347 (50.2) | 3 (50.0) | 127 (45.5) | |
| African Latin American | 105 (10.7) | 85 (12.3) | 0 (0.0) | 19 (6.8) | |
| Others | 18 (1.9) | 11 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (2.9) | |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.654 | ||||
| Female | 880 (90.0) | 622 (89.9) | 5 (83.3) | 253 (90.4) | |
| Male | 98 (10.0) | 70 (10.1) | 1 (16.7) | 27 (9.6) | |
| Age at enrolment, mean (SD) | 29.9 (12.5) | 29.8 (12.5) | 24.5 (8.0) | 30.3 (12.5) | 0.472 |
| Clinical | |||||
| SLEDAI score at enrolment, mean (SD) | 10.6 (8.0) | 11.1 (8.3) | 7.6 (6.0) | 9.5 (7.1) | 0.025 |
| ACR/EULAR criteria | |||||
| Clinical domains | |||||
| Fever* | 64.2 | 66.5 | 66.7 | 58.6 | 0.060 |
| Acute cutaneous (or malar rash)* | 67.7 | 70.1 | 50.0 | 62.1 | 0.028 |
| Subacute cutaneous lupus or discoid rash* | 4.3 | 4.6 | 16.7 | 3.2 | 0.145 |
| Oral ulcers* | 44.4 | 44.9 | 0.0 | 43.9 | 0.084 |
| Non-scarring alopecia* | 64.0 | 64.7 | 0.0 | 63.6 | 0.005 |
| Synovitis* | 83.3 | 84.1 | 66.7 | 81.8 | 0.244 |
| Seizures* | 10.0 | 10.6 | 0.0 | 8.9 | 0.726 |
| Psychosis* | 7.6 | 7.1 | 0.0 | 8.9 | 0.595 |
| Delirium | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Acute pericarditis* | 16.5 | 17.6 | 0.0 | 13.9 | 0.240 |
| Pleural or pericardial effusion* | 30.9 | 32.9 | 0.0 | 26.4 | 0.036 |
| Thrombocytopaenia* | 24.5 | 25.3 | 16.7 | 22.9 | 0.694 |
| Autoimmune hemolysis* | 13.6 | 14.9 | 0.0 | 10.7 | 0.154 |
| Leucopaenia* | 56.3 | 54.6 | 0.0 | 61.8 | 0.002 |
| Proteinuria* | 47.8 | 49.0 | 33.3 | 45.0 | 0.425 |
| Renal biopsy II or V* | 7.7 | 7.1 | 0.0 | 9.6 | 0.321 |
| Renal biopsy III or IV* | 19.0 | 20.7 | 16.7 | 15.0 | 0.099 |
| Immunlogic | |||||
| aCL >40 or LAC (+)†* | 58.9 | 56.4 | 25.0 | 65.5 | 0.028 |
| Low C3 or C4‡* | 72.9 | 74.3 | 100.0 | 68.9 | 0.118 |
| Low C3 and C4‡* | 54.8 | 58.8 | 66.7 | 45.1 | 0.001 |
| Anti-Sm§* | 48.8 | 49.9 | 66.7 | 45.5 | 0.533 |
| Anti-dsDNA¶* | 74.5 | 77.5 | 40.0 | 67.7 | 0.002 |
Categorical variables were compared using Freeman-Halton test while continuous variables were compared with Wilcoxon test.
*Values are depicted as percentages.
†Data available in 635 patients.
‡Data available in 785 patients.
§Data available in 527 patients.
¶Data available in 879 patients.
aCL, anticardiolipin antibodies; ACR, American College of Rheumatology; GLADEL, Grupo Latino Americano De Estudio de Lupus; LAC, lupus anticoagulant; NA, not available; SLEDAI, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index; SLICC, Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics.