Table 4

Relation between baseline characteristics and bone mineral density over the 10-year study period*

	Women				Men
	Femoral neck		Lumbar spine		Femoral neck		Lumbar spine
	Mean difference	95% CI	Mean difference	95% CI	Mean difference	95% CI	Mean difference	95% CI
Age	−0.16	−0.31 to −0.02	−0.10	−0.25 to 0.05	−0.22	−0.57 to 0.13	−0.06	−0.40 to 0.28
Postmenopausal	−0.40	−0.76 to −0.04	−0.06	−0.43 to 0.32	NA		NA
BMI	0.21	0.05 to 0.38	0.32	0.16 to 0.49	0.68	0.45 to 0.91	0.46	0.21 to 0.70
Smoking (ever)	−0.22	−0.56 to 0.11	−0.35	−0.69 to −0.01	0.08	−0.67 to 0.84	0.25	−0.45 to 0.96
Symptom duration	−0.12	−0.27 to 0.04	−0.11	−0.27 to 0.06	0.01	−0.26 to 0.28	0.11	−0.15 to 0.37
Positive RF	−0.17	−0.49 to 0.15	−0.13	−0.46 to 0.20	0.25	−0.31 to 0.81	0.05	−0.49 to 0.58
Positive anti-CCP	−0.22	−0.56 to 0.13	−0.35	−0.70 to 0.00	0.27	−0.34 to 0.87	0.21	−0.33 to 0.75
DAS28	0.08	−0.08 to 0.24	−0.03	−0.20 to 0.14	−0.18	−0.42 to 0.06	−0.09	−0.33 to 0.14
HAQ	−0.02	−0.18 to 0.14	−0.08	−0.24 to 0.08	−0.14	−0.42 to 0.13	−0.08	−0.34 to 0.19
ESR	−0.03	−0.18 to 0.13	−0.03	−0.20 to 0.13	−0.15	−0.41 to 0.11	−0.11	−0.36 to 0.13
CRP >median	−0.12	−0.44 to 0.19	−0.11	−0.44 to 0.21	−0.03	−0.55 to 0.50	0.02	−0.48 to 0.52
VAS pain	0.08	−0.09 to 0.24	−0.02	−0.19 to 0.15	−0.07	−0.31 to 0.18	−0.02	−0.25 to 0.21
VAS global	0.03	−0.13 to 0.19	−0.06	−0.22 to 0.10	−0.17	−0.44 to 0.09	−0.17	−0.42 to 0.08
Erosions	−0.34	−0.80 to 0.12	−0.29	−0.76 to 0.18	0.33	−0.35 to 1.01	−0.32	−0.96 to 0.32
Corticosteroids	0.13	−0.20 to 0.46	0.12	−0.22 to 0.46	−0.04	−0.57 to 0.49	0.13	−0.36 to 0.63
Calcium & D-vitamin	−0.02	−0.37 to 0.32	−0.16	−0.51 to 0.18	0.25	−0.38 to 0.88	−0.09	−0.69 to 0.51
Bisphosphonates	−0.36	−1.17 to 0.45	−0.39	−1.20 to 0.42	NA		NA
HRT	0.41	−0.03 to 0.85	0.62	0.18 to 1.06	NA		NA

There were no men with treatment with bisphosphonates (or HRT) at baseline. Bold text indicates significant associations.
*Mixed linear effect models; estimated mean differences over time (Z-scores), per SD or positive versus negative.
anti-CCP, anticyclic citrullinated protein; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C reactive protein; DAS28, Disease Activity Score-28; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; HAQ, Health Assessment Questionnaire; NA, not applicable; RF, rheumatoid factor; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale.