General estimating models of rapid erosive porogression (REP) (increase in the Erosion Score ≥5 between two consecutive visits) using biomarkers at each preceding visit and their interactions
| REP (increase in Erosion Score ≥5 between 2 visits) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate model | Multivariate Model 1 | Multivariate Model 2 | ||||
| RR (95% CI) | P value | RR (95% CI) | P value | RR (95% CI) | P value | |
| QIC=1140.2735 | QIC=1114.8320 | |||||
| 14-3-3η, ng/mL | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | 0.0041 | 0.99 (0.96–1.02) | 0.4949 | — | — |
| High-14-3-3η (≥0.50 ng/mL) | 1.61 (1.19–2.17) | 0.0021 | — | — | 0.83 (0.51–1.33) | 0.4352 |
| Age (years) | 1.02 (1.00–1.03) | 0.0222 | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | 0.0100 | 1.02 (1.01–1.04) | 0.0082 |
| Women gender | 0.61 (0.42–0.89) | 0.0101 | 1.09 (0.58–2.05) | 0.7955 | 1.12 (0.59–2.14) | 0.7212 |
| SJC66 | 1.04 (1.03–1.05) | <0.0001 | 1.03 (1.00–1.06) | 0.0233 | 1.06 (1.02–1.09) | 0.0013 |
| TJC68 | 1.04 (1.03–1.05) | <0.0001 | 1.02 (1.00–1.05) | 0.0475 | 1.00 (0.97–1.03) | 0.8292 |
| M-HAQ | 1.49 (1.19–1.87) | 0.0005 | 0.86 (0.66–1.12) | 0.2731 | 0.88 (0.67–1.17) | 0.3754 |
| ACPA positive | 2.56 (1.75–3.76) | <0.0001 | 3.91 (2.17–7.04) | <0.0001 | 3.96 (2.18–7.18) | <0.0001 |
| High-CRP (˃8.0 mg/L) | 2.31 (1.72–3.12) | <0.0001 | 1.89 (1.20–2.98) | 0.0062 | 1.59 (0.95–2.68) | 0.0794 |
| Biologic | 0.53 (0.24–1.16) | 0.1114 | — | — | — | — |
| Methotrexate | 0.58 (0.44–0.77) | 0.0002 | 0.88 (0.61–1.28) | 0.5012 | 0.87 (0.61–1.24) | 0.4339 |
| Sulfasalazine | 0.94 (0.57–1.53) | 0.7913 | — | — | — | — |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 0.70 (0.53–0.93) | 0.0140 | 1.00 (0.64–1.56) | 0.9988 | 0.97 (0.63–1.50) | 0.8853 |
| Other conventional DMARD | 0.15 (0.00–7.68) | 0.3414 | — | — | — | — |
| 14-3-3η×High-CRP | 1.04 (1.00–1.08) | 0.0333 | — | — | ||
| High-14-3-3η× High-CRP | — | — | 1.87 (1.03–3.40) | 0.0407 | ||
| High-14-3-3η×SJC66 | — | — | 0.96 (0.92–1.00) | 0.0310 | ||
| High-14-3-3η×TJC66 | — | — | 1.04 (1.00–1.08) | 0.0295 | ||
| Women× ACPA positive | 0.50 (0.23–1.06) | 0.0704 | 0.49 (0.23–1.04) | 0.0628 | ||
| SJC66×High-CRP | 0.97 (0.94–0.99) | 0.0140 | 0.97 (0.94–1.00) | 0.0388 | ||
| TJC68×Hydroxychloroquine | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | 0.0467 | 1.03 (1.00–1.05) | 0.0204 | ||
Model 1 used continuous 14-3-3η levels and Model 2 used High-14-3-3η status. Multivariate generalised estimating equations on REP were performed using demographic, clinical, biomarker and treatment variables at the previous visit, except for age, gender and ACPA status for which baseline values were used.
ACPA, anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies; CRP, C-reactive protein; DMARD, disease-modifying antirheumatic dru; M-HAQ, Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire; SJC66, swollen joint count in 66 joints; TJC, tender joint count in 68 joints.
Bold is when p values are below 0.05; an underlined value means that the p value is between 0.05 and 0.10 (ie, indicates a trend)