Characteristics of the three presenteeism instruments used in the STREAM cohort
| Instrument construct | Instrumentalisation | Score range | Recall period | Reference frame | Anchors | Health attribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WAI12 13 work-ability | NRS single item | 0–10, higher is better | Current | Lifetime best | Completely unable to work (0)—work-ability at lifetime best (10) | No |
| QQ-method14 work productivity | NRS single item; ‘quantity of work performed’ | 0–10, higher is better | Four weeks | Compared to normal | Far less than normal (0)—far more than normal (10) | No |
| Osterhaus-method15 16 work productivity | Three items; ‘loss of productive time while at work’ | 0–30, higher is worse | One month | Compared to normal | No interference (0)—complete interference (30) | Yes, physical/mental problems |
NRS, numeric rating scale; QQ, quality and quantity questionnaire; STREAM, Study on Transitions in Employment Ability and Motivation; WAI, Work Ability Index.