Predictors of renal damage. Patients with biopsy-proven lupus nephritis (n=241)
| Univariable | Multivariable | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Age at nephritis diagnosis | 0.99 (0.97–1.01) | 0.275 | ||
| Gender (male) | 1.11 (0.66–1.86) | 0.687 | ||
| Residence (rural) | 0.64 (0.30–1.38) | 0.253 | ||
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Caucasian | Ref. | |||
| Mestizo | 1.02 (0.68–1.53) | 0.930 | ||
| Afro Latin-American | 1.53 (0.85–2.770) | 0.159 | ||
| Others | 0.46 (0.11–1.92) | 0.288 | ||
| SES | ||||
| High | 0.21 (0.05–0.87) | 0.032 | 0.24 (0.06–0.897) | 0.045 |
| Medium | 0.69 (0.46–1.03) | 0.072 | 0.71 (0.48–1.07) | 0.101 |
| Low | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Early treatment response | 0.54 (0.32–0.94) | 0.028 | 0.67 (0.38–1.16) | 0.151 |
| Proteinuria | 2.01 (1.0564–3.85) | 0.036 | ||
| Low complement | 1.28 (0.88–1.86) | 0.204 | ||
| Anti-dsDNA | 0.91 (0.63–1.32) | 0.228 | ||
| Creatinine level | 1.21 (1.05–1.38) | 0.007 | ||
| Hypertension | 1.91 (1.29–2.83) | 0.001 | 1.75 (1.18–2.61) | 0.006 |
| Renal component of SLEDAI | 1.41 (0.95–2.09) | 0.086 | ||
| Prednisone dose | 1.00 (0.99–1.66) | 1.019 | ||
| Immunosuppressive drugs use | 1.01 (0.69–1.47) | 0.958 | ||
| Antimalarial use | 0.67 (0.426–1.08) | 0.101 | ||
| Non-proliferative biopsy | 0.748 (0.49–1.14) | 0.178 |
Anti-dsDNA, anti-double-stranded DNA; SES, Socioeconomic status; SLEDAI, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index.