Table 2

OR of COVID-19 hospitalisation in univariate analyses of patients with RMD

Variable	OR	95% CI	P value
Age 66–75 years	2.470	1.393 to 4.378	0.0020
Age >75 years	7.269	3.983 to 13.263	<0.0001
Gender, male	1.081	0.711 to 1.644	0.7155
Current smoking	1.194	0.596 to 2.390	0.6167
Moderate to high RMD disease activity	3.203	1.879 to 5.461	<0.0001
RMD diagnosis
spondyloarthritides (reference: RA)*	0.333	0.185 to 0.599	0.0002
CTDs/vasculitis (reference: RA)*	0.882	1.936 to 1.505	0.6438
other RMDs (reference: RA)*	1.283	0.674 to 2.443	0.4473
Comorbidities
Cardiovascular disease	6.327	3.346 to 11.966	<0.0001
Art. hypertension	1.508	0.975 to 2.331	0.0647
ILD/COPD	4.994	2.448 to 10.191	<0.0001
Asthma	0.771	0.367 to 1.619	0.4916
Chronic kidney disease	7.305	3.283 to 16.255	<0.0001
Obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m²)	1.283	0.767 to 2.145	0.3419
Diabetes	2.063	1.122 to 3.794	0.0198
Cancer	2.568	1.086 to 6.074	0.0318
RMD treatment
No DMARD (reference: csDMARDs)	1.308	0.765 to 2.234	0.3264
B/tsDMARD (reference: csDMARD)	0.875	0.558 to 1.373	0.5614
Glucocorticoids ≤5 mg/day (reference: no glucocorticoids)†	1.755	1.153 to 2.671	0.0087
Glucocorticoids >5 mg/day (reference: no glucocorticoids)†	5.250	2.533 to 10.881	<0.0001
NSAID	0.710	0.429 to 1.175	0.1825

For each variable, a separate logistic regression analysis was run containing only an intercept term and the variable in question. For disease activity, obesity, glucocorticoid use and NSAID, missing values were imputed 10 times and the analysis was conducted on each imputation stratum. Subsequently, combined results were obtained following Rubin’s rules. Variables presenting a p<0.1 were entered into the multivariable model.
*The variable RMD diagnosis is jointly represented by three dummy regressors.
†The variable glucocorticoid use is jointly represented by two dummy variables.
.BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CTD, connective tissue disease; DMARD, disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; ILD, interstitial lung disease; NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; RMD, rheumatic and musculoskeletal disease.