Table 3

Main efficacy outcomes for hip osteoarthritis

Study	Comparison	Follow-up	Outcomes	Effect estimate	Comments
Hyaluronic acid
Leite et al40	HA vs PBO, PRP, MPA	1–12 months	Pain	No between-group difference vs PRP (VAS)
		3 months	Pain	No between-group difference vs PBO (VAS)
		1–12 months	O-O Resp	No between-group difference vs MPA
		3 months	O-O Resp	No between-group difference vs PBO
Liao et al37	HA vs PBO or IAGC	2 weeks	Pain	SMD= –0.18 (–0.47 to 0.10), no between-group difference	Data on pain was obtained as per a previously described hierarchy.55 Analyses use IAGC and PBO as comparators.
		4 weeks		SMD= –0.14 (–0.46 to 0.18), no between-group difference
		2–6 months		SMD= –0.14 (–0.46 to 0.18), no between-group difference
		2 weeks	Function	SMD=−0.14 (−0.52 to 0.24), no between-group difference
		4 weeks		SMD=−0.16 (−0.34 to 0.03), no between-group difference
		2–6 months		SMD=−0.28 (−0.60 to 0.05), no between-group difference
Glucocorticoids
McCabe et al38	IAGC vs PBO	1–3 months	Pain	SMD=−1.90 (−4.07 to 0.26), no between-group difference	Comparisons vs PBO
		2 months	O-O Resp	OR=7.8 (2.7–22.8), favouring IAGC
			Function	3 RCTs—favoured IAGC (ADL, WOMAC function)
			Function	1 RCT—no between-group difference
			ROM	1 RCT—favoured IAGC
			ROM	1 RCT—no between-group difference
Platelet-rich plasma
Medina-Porqueres et al41	PRP vs HA	1 month	Pain	MD=−0.58 (−1.82 to 0.65) (VAS), no difference	All comparisons vs HA
		6 months		MD=0.20 (−1.36 to 1.77) (VAS), no difference
		12 months		MD=−0.42 (−1.80 to 0.96) (VAS), no difference
		2–12 months	Function	3 RCTs—no between-group difference (HHS)
				1 RCT—favoured HA (WOMAC)
				1 RCT—no between-group difference (WOMAC)
			Stiffness	1 RCT—favoured HA (WOMAC)
			Stiffness	1 RCT—no between-group difference (WOMAC)
Ye et al 42	PRP vs HA	2 months	Pain	WMD=−0.38 (−0.61 to −0.14), favouring PRP (vs HA)	All comparisons vs HA
		6 months		WMD=−0.14 (−0.40 to 0.12), no between-group difference
		12 months		WMD=−0.0 (−0.34 to 0.12), no between-group difference
		2 months	Function	WMD=2.07 (−2.66 to 6.79) (HHS), no difference
		6 months		WMD=2.78 (−6.64 to 12.20) (HHS), no difference
		12 months		WMD=0.71 (−6.33 to 7.75) (HHS), no difference
		6 months		WMD=−2.84 (−6.25 to 0.57) (WOMAC), no difference
		12 months		WMD=−3.13 (−6.62 to 0.36) (WOMAC), no difference
Ali et al36	PRP vs HA	2–12 months	Pain	1 RCT—favoured PRP (VAS)	All comparisons vs HA
			Pain	2 RCTs—no between-group difference (VAS)
			Function	1 RCT—no between-group difference (HHS)
				1 RCT—favoured PRP (WOMAC)
				1 RCT—no between-group difference (WOMAC)

All effect sizes are presented as the point estimate (95% CI) unless otherwise stated.
ADL, activities of daily life; HA, hyaluronic acid; HHS, Harris Hip Score; IAGC, intra-articular glucocorticoids; MD, mean difference; MPA, methylprednisolone acetate; O-O Resp, OMERACT-OARSI Responder Index; PBO, placebo; PRP, platelet-rich plasma; RCT, randomised-controlled trials; SMD, standardised mean difference; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale; WMD, weighted mean difference; WOMAC, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index.