General characteristics of the study population
| Overall (n=616) | Weight-adjusted (n*=591) | |
| Age (years) | 45±12 | 45±12 |
| Female gender, n (%) | 477 (77.4) | – |
| Marital status | ||
| Single, n (%) | 116 (18.8) | 126 (21.3) |
| Married, n (%) | 437 (70.9) | 417 (70.6) |
| Separated, n (%) | 51 (8.3) | 39 (6.6) |
| Widowed, n (%) | 12 (1.9) | 9 (1.6) |
| Employment status | ||
| Student, n (%) | 29 (4.7) | 35 (5.9) |
| Employed, n (%) | 494 (80.2) | 469 (79.4) |
| Unemployed, n (%) | 66 (10.7) | 56 (9.4) |
| Retired, n (%) | 27 (4.4) | 31 (5.3) |
| COVID-19 symptoms | ||
| Fever, n (%) | 429 (69.6) | 421 (71.3) |
| Cough, n (%) | 292 (47.4) | 282 (47.7) |
| Dyspnoea, n (%) | 237 (38.5) | 225 (38.1) |
| Headache, n (%) | 390 (63.3) | 352 (59.5) |
| Myalgia, n (%) | 436 (70.8) | 398 (67.3) |
| Arthralgia, n (%) | 404 (65.6) | 358 (60.6) |
| Anosmia or ageusia, n (%) | 437 (70.9) | 399 (67.4) |
| Abdominal pain, n (%) | 229 (37.2) | 198 (33.5) |
| Treatment setting | ||
| No treatment, n (%) | 165 (26.8) | 165 (27.9) |
| Home treatment, n (%) | 375 (60.9) | 342 (57.8) |
| Hospital admission, n (%) | 66 (10.7) | 73 (12.3) |
| ICU admission, n (%) | 10 (1.6) | 12 (2.0) |
| COVID-19 duration (days) | 13 (7–20) | 10 (7–20) |
| COVID-19 treatment | ||
| Analgesics/NSAIDs, n (%) | 422 (68.5) | 401 (67.8) |
| LMWH, n (%) | 131 (21.3) | 132 (22.3) |
| Hydroxychloroquine, n (%) | 53 (8.6) | 48 (8.2) |
| Supplemental oxygen, n (%) | 66 (10.7) | 69 (11.6) |
| Pre-existent comorbid diseases | ||
| Rheumatoid arthritis or other inflammatory arthritides, n (%) | 30 (4.9) | 24 (4.0) |
| Connective tissue diseases, n (%) | 3 (0.5) | 2 (0.3) |
| Anxiety, n (%) | 108 (17.5) | 104 (17.7) |
| Depression, n (%) | 30 (5.8) | 37 (6.3) |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 10 (1.6) | 9 (1.6) |
| High blood pressure, n (%) | 97 (15.7) | 101 (17.1) |
| Chronic pulmonary diseases, n (%) | 52 (8.4) | 46 (7.8) |
| History of myocardial infarction, n (%) | 3 (0.5) | 5 (0.8) |
| History of stroke, n (%) | 2 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) |
| Other neurological diseases, n (%) | 3 (0.5) | 2 (0.3) |
| Malignancy, n (%) | 5 (0.8) | 5 (0.8) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.3±4.8 | 25.6±4.7 |
| BMI category | ||
| Underweight, n (%) | 19 (3.1) | 14 (2.3) |
| Normal weight, n (%) | 335 (54.4) | 302 (51.1) |
| Overweight, n (%) | 160 (26.0) | 172 (29.1) |
| Obese, n (%) | 102 (16.6) | 103 (17.5) |
| FM (FS score ≥13), n (%) | 189 (30.7) | 234 (39.5) |
| Additional symptoms | ||
| Constipation, n (%) | 68 (11) | 71 (12.1) |
| Diarrhoea, n (%) | 69 (11.2) | 76 (12.9) |
| Nausea, n (%) | 61 (9.9) | 61 (10.4) |
| Heartburn, n (%) | 90 (14.6) | 105 (17.7) |
| Pain in upper abdomen, n (%) | 108 (17.5) | 127 (21.5) |
| Numbness and tingling in arms, n (%) | 228 (37) | 241 (40.7) |
| Dizziness or vertigo, n (%) | 177 (27.1) | 183 (31.0) |
| Insomnia, n (%) | 199 (32.3) | 223 (37.7) |
| Chest pain, n (%) | 121 (19.6) | 130 (22.0) |
| Blurred vision, n (%) | 163 (26.5) | 175 (29.7) |
| Fever, n (%) | 151 (24.5) | 158 (26.7) |
| Dry eyes, n (%) | 154 (25.0) | 163 (27.5) |
| Diffuse itching, n (%) | 124 (20.1) | 128 (21.7) |
| Excessive sweating, n (%) | 108 (17.5) | 116 (19.7) |
| Ringing in ear, n (%) | 123 (20.0) | 126 (21.4) |
| Change in smell and/or taste, n (%) | 157 (25.5) | 167 (28.3) |
| Shortness of breath, n (%) | 270 (43.8) | 284 (48.1) |
| Loss of appetite, n (%) | 57 (9.3) | 65 (11.1) |
| Hair loss, n (%) | 156 (25.3) | 165 (28) |
| Frequent or painful urination, n (%) | 98 (15.9) | 103 (17.5) |
*Corresponding to the imputed total number of respondents calculated on the basis of gender-based weights.
BMI, body mass index; FM, fibromyalgia; FS, Fibromyalgia Symptom Scale; ICU, intensive care unit; LMWH, low-molecular-weight heparin; NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.