Research articles identified by the literature search according to the different at-risk populations
| Risk factor | At-risk population | Total | ||
| Asymptomatic* | MSK symptoms without clinical arthritis | UA/PR | ||
| Subclinical inflammation on ultrasound | 0 | 8 | 4 | 12 |
| Subclinical inflammation on MRI | 0 | 4 | 2 | 6 |
| BMD | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| ACPA/RF/Other autoantibodies | 6 | 4 | 3 | 13 |
| Clinical features | 0 | 4 | 9 | 13 |
| Demographic features | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Serum markers | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| Cellular markers | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Genetic markers | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Total | 7 | 27 | 21 | 53 |
Fifty-three articles were identified: one article reported on both clinical and genetic risk factors; one article reported on both autoantibodies and serum markers.
*Including relatives of patients with RA.
ACPA, anticitrullinated protein antibodies; BMD, bone mineral density; MSK, musculoskeletal; PR, palindromic rheumatism; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; RF, rheumatoid factor; UA, undifferentiated arthritis.