Study acronym | Study period | Study size | Interventions compared | Primary endpoint | |
Infliximab bDMARD TNFα inhibitor | IMPACT211 12* | 2002–2004 | 200 | Infliximab Placebo | ACR20 response at week 14 and 24 |
Golimumab bDMARD TNFα inhibitor | GO-REVEAL13 | 2005–2012 | 405 | Golimumab Placebo | ACR 20 response at week 14, change in SvH score at week 24 |
Adalimumab bDMARD TNFα inhibitor | ADEPT14 15 | 2003–2004 | 315 | Adalimumab Placebo | ACR 20 response at week 12, change in mTSS at week 24 |
SPIRIT-P116* | 2012–2017 | 417 | Adalimumab Ixekizumab Placebo | ACR20 response at week 24 | |
OPAL BROADEN17 18 | 2014–2015 | 422 | Tofacitinib Adalimumab Placebo | ACR20 response and HAQ DI at months 3 and 12 | |
Certolizumab pegol bDMARD TNFα inhibitor | RAPID-PsA19 20* | 2010–2011 | 409 | Certolizumab pegol Placebo | ACR20 response at week 12, mTSS at week 24 |
Ixekizumab bDMARD IL-17A inhibitor | SPIRIT-P116* | 2012–2017 | 417 | Adalimumab Ixekizumab Placebo | ACR20 response at week 24 |
Secukinumab bDMARD IL-17A inhibitor | FUTURE 121 | 2011–2014 | 606 | Secukinumab Placebo | ACR20 response at week 24 |
FUTURE 222 | 2013–2019 | 397 | Secukinumab Placebo | ACR20 response at week 24 | |
FUTURE 323 | 2014–2018 | 414 | Secukinumab Placebo | ACR20 response at week 24 | |
FUTURE 424 | 2015–2017 | 341 | Secukinumab Placebo | ACR20 response at week 16 | |
FUTURE 525 | 2015–2019 | 996 | Secukinumab Placebo | ACR20 response at week 16 | |
Ustekinumab bDMARD IL-12/23 inhibitor | PSUMMIT126 27* | 2009–2013 | 615 | Ustekinumab Placebo | ACR20 response at week 24 |
PSUMMIT 227 28* | 2010–2012 | 312 | Ustekinumab Placebo | ACR20 response at week 24 | |
Guselkumab bDMARD IL-23 inhibitor | DISCOVER 129* | 2017–2019 | 381 | Guselkumab Placebo | ACR20 response at week 24 |
DISCOVER 230* | 2017–2020 | 741 | Guselkumab Placebo | ACR20 response at week 24 | |
Abatacept bDMARD T-cell modulator | ASTRAEA31 32 | 2013–2020 | 424 | Abatacept Placebo | ACR20 response at week 24 |
Tofacitinib tsDMARD JAK inhibitor | OPAL BROADEN17 18 | 2014–2015 | 422 | Tofacitinib Adalimumab Placebo | ACR20 response and HAQ-DI at month 3 and month 12 |
OPAL BEYOND33 | 2013–2016 | 395 | Tofacitinib Placebo | ACR20 response and HAQ-DI at month 3 and month 6 | |
Apremilast tsDMARD PDE4 inhibitor | PALACE 134 | 2010–2016 | 504 | Apremilast Placebo | ACR20 response modified for PsA at week 16 |
PALACE 235 | 2010–2017 | 484 | Apremilast Placebo | ACR20 response modified for PsA at week 16 | |
PALACE 336 | 2010–2017 | 505 | Apremilast Placebo | ACR20 response modified for PsA at week 16 | |
PALACE 437 | 2010–2017 | 527 | Apremilast Placebo | ACR20 response modified for PsA at week 16 | |
ACTIVE38* | 2013–2016 | 219 | Apremilast Placebo | ACR20 response at week 16 and 24 |
PASI: Psoriasis Area and Severity Index - BSA: Body Surface Area
*Studies using a minimum level of baseline CRP as inclusion criterion (table 2).
ACR, American College of Rheumatology; bDMARD, biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; CRP, C reactive protein; HAQ-DI, Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index; IL, interleukin; JAK, Janus kinase; mTSS, modified Total Sharp/van der Heijde score; PDE4, phosphodiesterase-4; PsA, psoriatic arthritis; SvH score, Sharp/van der Heijde score; TNFα, tumour necrosis factor α; tsDMARD, targeted synthetic DMARD.