Definitions and estimated statistical characteristics of C-Change scales representing dimensions of the culture, EULAR and EMEUNET members, 324 responses*
| Scale and item descriptions | Number of items | Cronbach’s α† | Mean female‡ (N=231) | Mean male‡ (N=92) | P value |
| Leadership aspirations: aspiring to be a leader in rheumatology. Want to make positive change; aspire to be a leader in rheumatology | 2 | 0.60 | 4.33 | 4.41 | 0.352 |
| Self-efficacy: confidence in ability to advance in career. Confident in ability to progress in career and overcome barriers to advancement | 4 | 0.82 | 3.44 | 3.79 | 0.003 |
| Work–life integration: institutional support for managing work–life and personal responsibilities. Institutional support for managing work–life integration, able to take time for personal/family issues and maintain a reasonable balance | 3 | 0.72 | 2.75 | 3.05 | 0.011 |
| Gender equity: perceptions of equity for women. Perceive that their institution treats female faculty members equitably and supports advancement of women | 4 | 0.82 | 2.94 | 3.81 | <0.001 |
*Including one respondent who identified themselves as third gender.
†The closer Cronbach’s α reliability coefficients is to 1.0, the higher the consistency of responses and the less variance in responses is accounted for by measurement error.
‡Means of responses scored on a 5-point scale from strongly disagree (=1) to strongly agree (=5).
EMEUNET, Emerging EULAR Network.