Baseline characteristics, vaccination type and schedule of patients with RA and healthy controls (HCs)
| Patients with RA (n=77) | Healthy controls (n=21) | P value | |
| Age (years), mean (±SD) | 64 (12.5) | 44.1 (13.8) | <0.0001 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 46 (59.7) | 15 (71.4) | 0.45 (NS) |
| Vaccination type/schedule | |||
| mRNA-1273, n (%) | 12 (15.6) | 0 (0) | 0.06 |
| BNT162b2, n (%) | 65 (84.4) | 21 (100) | |
| Mean interval between 1st vaccination and sampling (days±SD) | 21.4±2.3 | 21.8±2 | 0.33 (NS) |
| Mean interval between 2nd vaccination and sampling (days±SD) | 14.9±2.5 | 15.1±1.6 | 0.22 (NS) |
| Mean interval between 1st and 2nd vaccination (days±SD) | 34.5±4 | 32.9±5.9 | 0.15 (NS) |
| RA disease characteristics | |||
| ACPA±RF, n (%) | 48/77 (62.3) | NA | |
| ACPA+RF+, n (%) | 37/77 (48.1) | NA | |
| ACPA+, n (%) | 38/77 (49.4) | NA | |
| RF+, n (%) | 47/77 (61.0) | NA | |
| Disease activity (CDAI) at baseline | |||
| Remission (≤2.8), n (%) | 17/77 (22.1) | NA | |
| Low disease activity (2.9–10), n (%) | 40/77 (51.9) | NA | |
| Moderate disease activity (10.1–22.0), n (%) | 15/77 (19.5) | NA | |
| High disease activity (≥22.1), n (%) | 5/77 (6.5) | NA | |
| DMARD therapy | |||
| csDMARDs-mono, n (%) | 22/77 (28.6) | NA | |
| bDMARDs-mono/combo, n (%) | 35/77 (45.5) | NA | |
| bDMARDs-mono, n (%) | 14/35 (40) | NA | |
| tsDMARDs-mono/combo, n (%) | 20/77 (26) | NA | |
| tsDMARDs-mono, n (%) | 8/20 (40) | NA | |
| Prednisone, n (%) | 25/77 (32.5) | NA | |
| Mean daily dose prednisone (mg±SD) | 5.6±3.6 | NA |
Data are presented as n (%) or mean as indicated. Anti-cytokine bDMARDs and abatacept are summarised as bDMARDs. Targeted synthetic (ts)DMARDs included tofacitinib, baricitinib and upadacitinib.
RA, rheumatoid arthritis.