Risk of pre-eclampsia in RA, AxSpA and PSA pregnancies in relation to antirheumatic treatment during pregnancy versus control pregnancies.
| Pregnancies, n | Pre-eclampsia events, n (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR* (95% CI) | |
| RA† | ||||
| Untreated | 607 | 18 (3.0) | 0.98 (0.61 to 1.57) | 1.01 (0.62 to 1.65) |
| Monotherapy† | 620 | 27 (4.4) | 1.44 (0.97 to 2.13) | 1.32 (0.85 to 2.06) |
| Combination therapy‡ | 512 | 22 (4.3) | 1.42 (0.92 to 2.19) | 1.53 (0.97 to 2.39) |
| Controls§ | 17 390 | 535 (3.1) | REF | REF |
| AxSpA‡ | ||||
| Untreated | 488 | 20 (4.1) | 1.30 (0.79 to 2.12) | 1.24 (0.73 to 2.10) |
| Monotherapy† | 231 | 10 (4.3) | 1.31 (0.70 to 2.45) | 1.07 (0.56 to 2.07) |
| Combination therapy‡ | 100 | 4 (4.0) | 1.22 (0.44 to 3.39) | 1.06 (0.33 to 3.34) |
| Controls§ | 8190 | 267 (3.3) | REF | REF |
| PsA‡ | ||||
| Untreated | 282 | 15 (5.3) | 2.07 (1.17 to 3.67) | 1.86 (0.94 to 3.66) |
| Monotherapy† | 143 | 7 (4.9) | 1.91 (0.87 to 4.21) | 1.58 (0.55 to 4.56) |
| Combination therapy‡ | 64 | 4 (6.2) | 2.41 (0.83 to 6.99) | 2.53 (0.84 to 7.60) |
| Controls§ | 4890 | 129 (2.6) | REF | REF |
Treatment defined as any registration of one or more type of drug during pregnancy (simultaneously or not simultaneously). Stratified information on treatment during pregnancy is available in online supplemental table S11.
*Adjusted for country, maternal age, parity, year of delivery, BMI, smoking and education.
†CS, csDMARD or bDMARD
‡CS, csDMARD and bDMARD or any combination of two.
§Matched 1:10 on maternal age, parity and year of delivery.
AxSpA, axial spondyloarthritis; bDMARD, biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; BMI, body mass index; CS, oral corticosteroids; csDMARD, conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; PsA, psoriatic arthritis; RA, rheumatoid arthritis.