Risk of pre-eclampsia in RA, AxSpA and PSA pregnancies in relation to functional status and disease activity any time during pregnancy versus control pregnancies.
| Pregnancies, n | Pre-eclampsia events, n (%) | External comparison | Internal comparison | |||
| Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR* (95% CI) | Internal Crude OR (95% CI) | Internal Adjusted OR* (95% CI) | |||
| RA | ||||||
| CRP (mg/L)† | ||||||
| <10 | 457 | 21 (4.6) | 1.53 (0.98 to 2.38) | 1.55 (0.96 to 2.49) | REF | REF |
| ≥10 | 248 | 13 (5.2) | 1.74 (0.99 to 3.05) | 1.78 (1.01 to 3.13) | 1.14 (0.56 to 2.29) | 1.15 (0.56, to 2.37) |
| Missing | 1034 | 33 (3.2) | 1.04 (0.73 to 1.40) | 1.01 (0.68 to 1.49) | 0.68 (0.39 to 1.19) | 0.65 (0.36 to 1.18) |
| HAQ | ||||||
| <1 | 506 | 21 (4.2) | 1.37 (0.88 to 2.12) | 1.41 (0.88 to 2.26) | REF | REF |
| ≥1 | 196 | 14 (7.1) | 2.42 (1.40 to 4.20) | 2.02 (1.12 to 3.66) | 1.77 (0.89 to 3.55) | 1.43 (0.68 to 3.01) |
| Missing | 1039 | 32 (3.1) | 1.01 (0.70 to 1.45) | 1.02 (0.69 to 1.50) | 0.74 (0.42 to 1.29) | 0.72 (0.40 to 1.31) |
| DAS28-CRP‡ | ||||||
| <3.2 | 447 | 19 (4.3) | 1.41 (0.88 to 2.23) | 1.39 (0.85 to 2.29) | REF | REF |
| ≥3.2 | 239 | 13 (5.4) | 1.82 (1.03 to 3.20) | 1.95 (1.10 to 3.49) | 1.29 (0.63 to 2.67) | 1.40 (0.66 to 2.98) |
| Missing | 1053 | 35 (3.3) | 1.09 (0.77 to 1.54) | 1.05 (0.72 to 1.53) | 0.77 (0.44 to 1.37) | 0.75 (0.41 to 1.39) |
| Disease load: any HAQ≥1, CRP≥10 mg/L or DAS28-CRP‡≥3.2 | ||||||
| Low (no) | 368 | 12 (3.3) | 1.07 (0.60 to 1.90) | 1.06 (0.56 to 2.01) | REF | REF |
| High (yes) | 388 | 24 (6.2) | 2.08 (1.37 to 3.17) | 1.96 (1.26 to 3.04) | 1.95 (0.96 to 3.96) | 1.85 (0.86 to 3.97) |
| Missing§ | 983 | 31 (3.2) | 1.03 (0.71 to 1.49) | 1.03 (0.70 to 1.53) | 0.97 (0.49 to 1.90) | 0.98 (0.46 to 2.05) |
| Controls§ | 17 390 | 535 (3.1) | REF | REF | ||
| AxSpA | ||||||
| Disease load: any HAQ ≥1 or CRP ≥10 mg/L | ||||||
| Low (no) | 174 | 8 (4.6) | 1.53 (0.79 to 2.98) | 1.20 (0.55 to 2.64) | REF | REF |
| High (yes) | 113 | 3 (2.7) | 0.76 (0.25 to 2.22) | 0.57 (0.18 to 1.75) | NA** | NA** |
| Missing†† | 532 | 23 (4.3) | 1.33 (0.84 to 2.11) | 1.33 (0.81 to 2.18) | NA** | NA** |
| Controls¶ | 8190 | 267 (3.3) | REF | REF | ||
| PsA | ||||||
| Disease load: any HAQ≥1, CRP≥10 mg/L or DAS28-CRP‡≥3.2 | ||||||
| Low (no) | 94 | 4 (4.3) | 1.72 (0.62 to 4.78) | 2.07 (0.71 to 6.00) | REF | REF |
| High (yes) | 85 | 5 (5.9) | 2.37 (0.95 to 5.91) | 1.89 (0.59 to 6.05) | NA** | NA** |
| Missing§ | 310 | 17 (5.5) | 2.09 (1.20 to 3.63) | 1.75 (0.91 to 3.38) | NA** | NA** |
| Controls¶ | 4890 | 129 (2.6) | REF | REF | ||
ORs were estimated using logistic regression and generalised estimation-equation method.
*Adjusted for country, maternal age, parity, year of delivery, BMI, smoking and education.
†The threshold is based on the cut-off value from the laboratories performing the biochemical analyses.
‡DAS28-CRP was calculated including CRP and without Global Health-Visual Analogue Scale.
§No registration of neither DAS28-CRP, HAQ nor CRP.
¶Matched 1:10 on maternal age, parity and year of delivery.
**Not presented due to low numbers.
††No registration of neither HAQ nor CRP.
AxSpA, axial spondyloarthritis; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C reactive protein; DAS28-CRP, 28-joint Disease Activity Score CRP adjusted; HAQ, Health Assessment Questionnaire; NA, not applicable; PsA, psoriatic arthritis; RA, rheumatoid arthritis.