The risk of specific malignancies in patients with RA treated with JAKi versus TNFi
| Type of malignancy | JAKi | TNFi | Crude HR (95% CI) | Weighted HR (95% CI) | ||||
| Events (N) | Crude IR (95% CI) | Weighted IR (95% CI) | Events (N) | Crude IR (95% CI) | Weighted IR (95% CI) | |||
| Solid malignancies | ||||||||
| Stomach | – | – | – | 4 | 0.05 (0.02 to 0.11) | 0.05 (0.02 to 0.14) | – | |
| Colorectal | – | – | – | 6 | 0.09 (0.04 to 0.20) | 0.09 (0.04 to 0.18) | – | |
| Liver | – | – | – | 1 | 0.01 (0.00 to 0.10) | 0.02 (0.00 to 0.09) | – | |
| Biliary | – | – | – | 5 | 0.07 (0.03 to 0.18) | 0.08 (0.04 to 0.17) | – | |
| Pancreas | – | – | – | 1 | 0.01 (0.00 to 0.10) | 0.02 (0.00 to 0.09) | – | |
| Lung | 1 | 0.08 (0.01 to 0.55) | 0.11 (0.05 to 0.25) | 7 | 0.10 (0.05 to 0.22) | 0.12 (0.07 to 0.23) | 0.82 (0.08 to 8.14) | 0.96 (0.31 to 2.96) |
| Breast | 1 | 0.08 (0.01 to 0.55) | 0.27 (0.16 to 0.46) | 12 | 0.18 (0.10 to 0.31) | 0.15 (0.09 to 0.26) | 0.64 (0.09 to 4.84) | 1.92 (0.94 to 3.90) |
| Cervix (female) | – | – | – | 2 | 0.03 (0.01 to 0.12) | 0.03 (0.01 to 0.10) | – | |
| Uterine (female) | – | – | – | 1 | 0.01 (0.00 to 0.10) | 0.02 (0.00 to 0.09) | – | |
| Prostate (male) | – | – | – | 1 | 0.01 (0.00 to 0.10) | 0.01 (0.00 to 0.08) | – | |
| Kidney | – | – | – | 2 | 0.03 (0.01 to 0.12) | 0.02 (0.01 to 0.10) | – | |
| Thyroid | 2 | 0.16 (0.04 to 0.62) | 0.09 (0.04 to 0.23) | 9 | 0.13 (0.07 to 0.25) | 0.13 (0.07 to 0.23) | 1.54 (0.29 to 8.34) | 0.86 (0.28 to 2.62) |
| Skin* | 1 | 0.08 (0.01 to 0.55) | 0.07 (0.02 to 0.20) | 2 | 0.03 (0.01 to 0.12) | 0.02 (0.01 to 0.10) | 3.39 (0.26 to 45.17) | 3.46 (0.59 to 20.26) |
| Haematological malignancies | ||||||||
| Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma | 1 | 0.08 (0.01 to 0.55) | 0.06 (0.02 to 0.19) | 2 | 0.03 (0.01 to 0.12) | 0.02 (0.01 to 0.10) | 2.41 (0.15 to 37.99) | 2.86 (0.41 to 20.01) |
| Other unspecified | 2 | 0.16 (0.04 to 0.62) | 0.18 (0.09 to 0.34) | 5 | 0.07 (0.03 to 0.18) | 0.09 (0.04 to 0.18) | 1.70 (0.29 to 10.05) | 2.02 (0.69 to 5.94) |
Incidence rate per 100 person-years was calculated.
*There were only cases of non-melanoma skin cancer.
IR, incidence rate; JAKi, Janus kinase inhibitor; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; TNFi, tumour necrosis factor inhibitor.