Association between trabecular bone loss at baseline and 2 year bone formation at the same vertebra
| Independent variables | Syndesmophyte formation§ | |
| Univariable analysis OR (95% CI) N=203 to 210 | Multivariable analysis adjOR (95% CI) N=203 | |
| Bone density (HU) | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.00) | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.01) |
| Age (years) | 1.01 (0.96 to 1.06) | 1.01 (0.96 to 1.06) |
| Gender (male) | 0.60 (0.08 to 4.22) | 0.50 (0.05 to 4.82) |
| Smoking (current) | 0.68 (0.17 to 2.73) | 0.56 (0.10 to 3.13) |
| Treatment with TNFi (yes) | 0.97 (0.21 to 4.51) | 0.37 (0.05 to 2.89) |
| MRI-BME (presence) | 5.31 (1.29 to 21.87) | 5.35 (0.74 to 38.96) |
| Baseline syndesmophytes (presence)* | -† | -† |
| Independent variables | Syndesmophyte growth§ | |
| Univariable analysis OR (95% CI) N=469 to 481 | Multivariable analysis adjOR (95% CI) N=469 | |
| Bone density (HU) | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.00) | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.01) |
| Age (years) | 1.01 (0.98 to 1.05) | 1.01 (0.97 to 1.05) |
| Gender (male) | 0.43 (0.14 to 1.38) | 0.49 (0.16 to 1.54) |
| Smoking (current) | 0.86 (0.39 to 1.90) | 0.90 (0.40 to 2.06) |
| Treatment with TNFi (yes) | 1.44 (0.63 to 3.29) | 1.42 (0.54 to 3.71) |
| MRI-BME (presence) | 1.66 (0.83 to 3.32) | 1.51 (0.02 to 4.58) |
| Baseline syndesmophytes (presence)* | -‡ | -‡ |
| Independent variables | Syndesmophyte formation or growth§ | |
| Univariable analysis OR (95% CI) N=672 to 691 | Multivariable analysis adjOR (95% CI) N=672 | |
| Bone density (HU) | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.00) | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.00) |
| Age (years) | 1.02 (0.99 to 1.06) | 1.02 (0.98 to 1.05) |
| Gender (male) | 0.44 (0.13 to 1.52) | 0.56 (0.15 to 2.06) |
| Smoking (current) | 0.89 (0.40 to 1.97) | 1.02 (0.42 to 2.44) |
| Treatment with TNFi (yes) | 1.34 (0.56 to 3.21) | 1.30 (0.43 to 3.90) |
| MRI-BME (presence) | 2.03 (1.23 to 3.71) | 1.73 (1.06 to 3.34) |
| Baseline syndesmophytes (presence)* | 2.84 (1.83 to 4.41) | -§ |
Significant associations were highlighted in bold (p<0.05).
*Absolute agreement of readers.
†Omitted because the outcome was only possible in vertebrae without syndesmophytes at baseline.
‡Omitted because the outcome was only possible in vertebrae with syndesmophytes at baseline and no ankylosis.
§Not included in the multivariable analysis because of collinearity with MRI-BME.
adjOR, adjusted OR; BME, bone marrow oedema; HU, Hounsfield units; TNFi, Tumour necrosis factor inhibitors.