Characteristics for deliveries of patients with and without SLE
| SLE deliveries | Non-SLE deliveries | |
| % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | |
| N* | 51 161 (49 419 to 52 903) | 40 000 000 (39 200 000 to 40 700 000) |
| Age (years) | 30.1 (29.9 to 30.2) | 28.2 (28.1 to 28.2) |
| Race | ||
| White | 46.2 (44.8 to 47.5) | 52.4 (51.7 to 53.1) |
| African American | 24.7 (23.6 to 25.9) | 15 (14.6 to 15.4) |
| Hispanic | 18.5 (17.4 to 19.6) | 21.5 (20.8 to 22.1) |
| Other | 10.7 (9.9 to 11.5) | 11.1 (10.8 to 11.5) |
| Insurance | ||
| Medicare | 5.3 (4.8 to 5.9) | 0.7 (0.7 to 0.8) |
| Medicaid | 38.2 (37.0 to 39.4) | 43.8 (43.2 to 44.4) |
| Private insurance | 51.8 (50.6 to 53.1) | 49.8 (49.2 to 50.5) |
| Self-pay | 1.4 (1.1 to 1.7) | 2.7 (2.6 to 2.9) |
| No charge | † | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.2) |
| Other | 3.2 (2.8 to 3.6) | 2.8 (2.7 to 3.0) |
| Income quartile | ||
| 0–25 | 27.7 (26.6 to 28.9) | 28 (27.4 to 28.7) |
| 26–50 | 23 (22.0 to 24.0) | 25 (24.6 to 25.4) |
| 51–75 | 24.8 (23.9 to 25.8) | 24.9 (24.5 to 25.2) |
| 76–100 | 24.5 (23.2 to 25.8) | 22.1 (21.4 to 22.8) |
| Hospital bed size | ||
| Small | 9.2 (8.7 to 10.1) | 13.7 (13.2 to 14.2) |
| Medium | 24.7 (23.3 to 26.1) | 28.8 (28.0 to 29.6) |
| Large | 66.1 (64.5 to 67.7) | 57.6 (56.7 to 58.5) |
| Hospital teaching location | ||
| Rural | 5.2 (4.7 to 5.7) | 10.4 (10.1 to 10.7) |
| Urban non-teaching | 24.3 (23.0 to 25.6) | 33.4 (32.6 to 34.3) |
| Urban teaching | 70.5 (69.1 to 72.0) | 56.2 (55.3 to 57.1) |
| Hospital region | ||
| Northeast | 18.9 (17.6 to 20.3) | 16 (15.4 to 16.7) |
| Midwest | 18.6 (17.3 to 19.9) | 21.1 (20.5 to 21.8) |
| South | 39.1 (37.4 to 40.8) | 38.6 (37.7 to 39.5) |
| West | 23.4 (22.0 to 24.8) | 24.2 (23.5 to 25.0) |
| Elixhauser Index | ||
| 0 | 0 (no obs) | 80.6 (80.3 to 80.8) |
| 1 | 54.5 (53.4 to 55.6) | 15.6 (15.4 to 15.7) |
| 2–4 | 43.3 (42.3 to 44.4) | 3.8 (3.8 to 3.9) |
| 5+ | 2.2 (1.9 to 2.5) | 0.03 (0.03 to 0.04) |
| Expenses | ||
| Total hospital charges (US$) | 24 978.7 (24 075.7 to 25 881.8) | 16 211.1 (16 009.1 to 16 413.1) |
% (95% CI) unless otherwise specified. Age and total hospital charges are reported as means.
*Weighted values are listed. Unweighted SLE and non-SLE deliveries were 10 297 and 8 055 025, respectively.
†Per HCUP guidelines, cell sizes ≤10 have been omitted to protect patient confidentiality.
HCUP, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus.