Table 4

Elective and emergency caesarean section in population controls and patient groups expressed as proportions and risk differences

	Total	Elective CS	%	Risk difference (95% CI)	P value*
Population controls	575 763	32 114	5.6
axSpA, total	312	31	9.4	4.4 (1.5 to 8.2)	0.001
Active axSpA†	114	15	13.2	7.6 (2.6 to 15.0)	<0.001
Inactive axSpA†	131	11	8.4	2.8 (−0.8 to 8.8)	0.22
PsA, total	121	12	9.9	4.3 (0.2 to 11.0)	0.060
Active PsA†	27	2	7.4	1.8 (−3.5 to 17.8)	0.66‡
Inactive PsA†	64	7	10.9	5.4 (−0.2 to 15.3)	0.091‡

	Total	Emergency CS	%	Risk difference (95% CI)	P value*
Population controls	575 763	57 691	10.0
axSpA, total	312	39	12.5	2.5 (−0.7 to 6.6)	0.17
Active axSpA†	114	12	10.5	0.5 (−3.9 to 7.5)	0.98
Inactive axSpA†	131	13	9.9	0.1 (−4.1 to 6.2)	1.0
PsA, total	121	25	20.7	10.6 (4.4 to 18.7)	<0.001
Active PsA†	27	7	25.9	15.9 (3.2 to 34.7)	0.015‡
Inactive PsA†	64	13	20.3	10.3 (2.3 to 21.7)	0.011

p-values in bold are statistically significant values
*P value for patient group compared with population controls.
†In third trimester.
‡Fisher’s exact test.
axSpA, axial spondyloarthritis; CS, caesarean section; PsA, psoriatic arthritis.