RIS ≤12 | RIS 13–24 | RIS ≥25 | P value | |||||
axSpA (n=73) | PsA (n=94) | axSpA (n=65) | PsA (n=66) | axSpA (n=7) | PsA (n=8) | axSpA | PsA | |
Sex | ||||||||
Male n (%) | 45 (61.6) | 59 (62.8) | 35 (53.8) | 29 (43.9) | 1 (14.3) | 1 (12.5) | 0.0497 | 0.004 |
Female n (%) | 28 (38.4) | 35 (37.2) | 30 (46.2) | 37 (56.1) | 6 (85.7) | 7 (87.5) | ||
Age in years, mean (SD) | 47.4 (14.6) | 57.7 (13.0) | 52.1 (13.9) | 57.0 (12.1) | 51 (14.4) | 57.5 (8.6) | 0.158 | 0.939 |
Disease duration in years, mean (SD) | 12.0 (10.9) | 10.8 (7.5) | 12.0 (10.9) | 10.8 (7.8) | 6.7 (3.4) | 11.8 (7.9) | 0.445 | 0.942 |
BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 26.2 (5.6) | 27.0 (4.5) | 27.3 (5.1) | 28.0 (5.2) | 28.1 (5.0) | 24.2 (5.1) | 0.378 | 0.096 |
Smokers, n (%) (n=311) | 20 (27.8) | 15 (16.3) | 19 (29.2) | 11 (16.7) | 2 (28.6) | 1 (12.5) | 0.982 | 0.955 |
HLA-B27, n (%) (n=244) | 46 (68.7) | 11 (23.4) | 42 (70.0) | 12 (22.6) | 5 (83.3) | 1 (16.7) | 0.754 | 0.933 |
Functional capacity (FFbH), % (n=325) | 86.3 | 84.5 | 75.9 | 71.3 | 61.1 | 58.0 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Significant functional impairment (FFbH <60%), n (%) (n=325) | 5 (6.9) | 8 (8.8) | 11 (16.9) | 20 (31.3) | 3 (42.9) | 5 (62.5) | 0.013 | <0.0001 |
Disease domains: | ||||||||
Axial involvement, n (%) | 73 (100.0) | 26 (28.0) | 65 (100.0) | 27 (40.9) | 7 (100.0) | 5 (62.5) | n.a. | 0.057 |
Peripheral arthritis, n (%) | 47 (64.4) | 88 (93.6) | 47 (74.6) | 66 (100.0) | 7 (100.0) | 8 (100.0) | 0.092 | 0.086 |
Enthesitis, n (%) | 24 (32.9) | 41 (43.6) | 26 (40.6) | 28 (42.4) | 5 (71.4) | 4 (50.0) | 0.116 | 0.919 |
Dactylitis, n (%) | 6 (8.2) | 40 (42.6) | 1 (1.5) | 30 (45.5) | 2 (28.6) | 4 (50.0) | 0.011 | 0.881 |
CRP, mg/L, mean (SD) (n=328) | 5.7 (6.6) | 5.7 (5.9) | 8.2 (23.6) | 4.9 (4.0) | 5.8 (6.2) | 5.2 (4.6) | 0.673 | 0.583 |
Therapy: (n=329) | ||||||||
csDMARD, n (%) | 14 (19.2) | 49 (52.7) | 14 (21.5) | 31 (47.0) | 2 (28.6) | 4 (57.1) | 0.821 | 0.730 |
bDMARD, n (%) | 53 (73.6) | 56 (59.6) | 51 (78.5) | 40 (60.6) | 5 (71.4) | 6 (75.0) | 0.775 | 0.692 |
Glucocorticoids, n (%) | 7 (10.0) | 5 (5.3) | 7 (10.8) | 10 (15.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.661 | 0.066 |
NSAID monotherapy, n (%) | 14 (19.2) | 6 (6.4) | 9 (13.8) | 4 (6.1) | 1 (14.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.692 | 0.764 |
No current therapy, n (%) | 3 (4.2) | 10 (10.6) | 2 (3.1) | 8 (12.1) | 1 (14.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.368 | 0.579 |
WHOQOL-Bref: (n=327) | ||||||||
Physical HRQOL, D1, mean (SD) | 71.0 (18.4) | 68.2 (15.9) | 52.2 (15.5) | 51.7 (17.8) | 39.3 (15.3) | 31.3 (10.1) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Mental HRQOL, D2, mean (SD) | 74.6 (16.5) | 74.2 (13.3) | 62.3 (15.9) | 61.8 (15.5) | 43.5 (11.8) | 41.2 (22.3) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Social QOL, D3, mean (SD) | 72.7 (19.5) | 71.1 (20.3) | 66.1 (17.0) | 63.9 (17.5) | 67.3 (22.9) | 49.0 (20.6) | 0.116 | 0.002 |
Environmental QOL, D4, mean (SD) | 81.9 (13.1) | 80.6 (11.1) | 75.4 (14.4) | 72.8 (12.7) | 62.7 (12.1) | 65.2 (14.0) | 0.0003 | <0.0001 |
Depressive symptoms: (n=307) | ||||||||
BDI-II score, mean (SD) | 7.0 (8.0) | 7.6 (6.1) | 14.0 (8.9) | 15.2 (9.2) | 24 (10.4) | 26.5 (13.8) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
P values refer to comparison of three groups RIS ≤12, RIS 13–24 and RIS ≥25 by analysis of variance or χ2 test.
axSpA, axial spondyloarthritis ; bDMARD, biological DMARD; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein ; csDMARD, conventional synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drug; D, domain; FFbH, Funktionsfragebogen Hannover questionnaire ; HRQOL, health-related quality of life; n, number; NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; PsA, psoriatic arthritis ; QOL, quality of life; RIS, Regensburg Insomnia Scale; WHOQOL-Bref, WHO Quality of Life questionnaire .