Demographic characteristics and vaccination status of all study patients, and those with and without severe COVID-19
| All patients with SLE with COVID-19 | Severe COVID-19 | No severe COVID-19 | P value | |
| N=2890 | N=500 | N=2390 | ||
| Age,* mean (SD) | 45.9 (12.1) | 48.6 (13.2) | 45.3 (11.8) | <0.001 |
| Age, N (%) | ||||
| 18–34 | 542 (18.8%) | 90 (18.0%) | 452 (18.9%) | <0.001 |
| 35–44 | 724 (25.1%) | 88 (17.6%) | 636 (26.6%) | |
| 45–54 | 876 (30.3%) | 142 (28.4%) | 734 (30.7%) | |
| 55–64 | 645 (22.3%) | 143 (28.6%) | 502 (21.0%) | |
| 65–74 | 63 (2.2%) | 23 (4.6%) | 40 (1.7%) | |
| 75+ | 40 (1.4%) | 14 (2.8%) | 26 (1.1%) | |
| Sex, N (%) | ||||
| Male | 208 (7.2%) | 60 (12.0%) | 148 (6.2%) | <0.001 |
| Female | 2682 (92.8%) | 440 (88.0%) | 2242 (93.8%) | |
| Payer, N, (%) | ||||
| Commercial | 1974 (68.3%) | 243 (48.6%) | 1731 (72.4%) | <0.001 |
| Medicare | 93 (3.2%) | 31 (6.2%) | 62 (2.6%) | |
| Medicaid | 823 (28.5%) | 226 (45.2%) | 597 (25.0%) | |
| Urban residence, N (%) | 2459 (85.1%) | 422 (84.4%) | 2037 (85.2%) | 0.636 |
| US region,† N (%) | ||||
| Northeast | 381 (18.4%) | 47 (17.2%) | 334 (18.6%) | 0.179 |
| Midwest | 353 (17.1%) | 61 (22.3%) | 292 (16.3%) | |
| South | 1137 (55.0%) | 140 (51.1%) | 997 (55.6%) | |
| West/unknown | 196 (9.4%) | 26 (9.5%) | 170 (9.5%) | |
| Race/ethnicity,‡ N (%) | ||||
| White | 272 (33.0%) | 51 (22.6%) | 221 (37.0%) | 0.001 |
| Black | 360 (43.7%) | 121 (53.5%) | 239 (40.0%) | |
| Hispanic | 68 (8.3%) | 21 (9.3%) | 47 (7.9%) | |
| Other/unknown | 123 (14.9%) | 33 (14.6%) | 90 (15.1%) | |
| Evidence of vaccination,§ N (%) | ||||
| Yes | 1016 (35.2%) | 128 (25.6%) | 888 (37.2%) | <0.001 |
| No | 1874 (64.8%) | 372 (74.4%) | 1502 (62.8%) |
*All demographic characteristics assessed on 1 April 2020.
†Region available for patients in the Commercial/Medicare database.
‡Race/ethnicity available for patients in the Medicaid database.
§Evidence of vaccination assessed during patients’ full variable-length follow-up period (1 April 2020 to earliest of death, end of database enrolment, 31 December 2021 (Commercial/Medicare), or 30 June 2021 (Medicaid)).
SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus.