Baseline levels of inflammation-associated plasma proteins that significantly differ between patients with PsA and healthy controls (HC)
| Protein | PsA (n=31) | FMT donors (n=4) | HC (n=31) | Difference PsA vs HC (95% CI) | P values PsA vs HC | Adjusted P values PsA vs HC |
| Increased NPX | ||||||
| IL-6 | 1.44 (0.832, 2.16) | 0.011 (−0.368, 0.479) | 0.336 (0.005, 0.732) | −1.13 (−1.60 to 0.743) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| CCL20 | 6.24 (5.81, 6.92) | 5.84 (5.20, 6.50) | 5.54 (5.20, 5.85) | −0.702 (−1.00 to 0.385) | <0.0001 | 0.0001 |
| CCL19 | 8.08 (7.54, 8.67) | 7.64 (7.02, 8.34) | 7.42 (7.21, 7.77) | −0.625 (−1.07 to 0.280) | <0.001 | 0.0013 |
| CDCP1 | 1.67 (1.42, 1.92) | 0.865 (0.398, 1.26) | 1.23 (0.939, 1.60) | −0.380 (−0.613 to 0.094) | <0.001 | 0.0025 |
| FGF-21 | 4.34 (3.50, 5.08) | 3.26 (2.29, 4.06) | 3.51 (2.81, 4.21) | −0.862 (−1.48 to 0.222) | <0.001 | 0.0027 |
| HGF | 7.15 (6.92, 7.47) | 6.80 (6.38, 7.21) | 6.89 (6.69, 7.12) | −0.259 (−0.465 to 0.067) | <0.001 | 0.0038 |
| IFN-γ | 6.34 (5.88, 7.10) | 6.27 (5.56, 6.29) | 5.82 (5.47, 6.39) | −0.533 (−0.860 to 0.0425) | 0.0027 | 0.013 |
| IL-18R1 | 6.83 (6.56, 7.26) | 6.47 (6.18, 6.78) | 6.65 (6.25, 6.96) | −0.292 (−0.540 to 0.060) | 0.0031 | 0.014 |
| MCP-3 | 0.473 (0.199, 0.808) | 0.165 (−0.183, 0.395) | 0.160 (−0.181, 0.530) | −0.276 (−0.514 to 0.033) | 0.0054 | 0.021 |
| IL-2 | −0.425 (−0.673,–0.209) | −0.367 (−0.593,–0.232) | −0.634 (−0.827,–0.457) | −0.190 (−0.236 to 0.071) | 0.0057 | 0.020 |
| Decreased NPX | ||||||
| 4E-BP1 | 6.58 (6.03, 7.25) | 7.11 (6.06, 8.50) | 8.41 (7.98, 8.70) | 1.67 (0.878 to 1.81) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| STAMBP | 2.92 (2.40, 3.64) | 4.00 (2.86, 5.04) | 4.67 (4.10, 5.17) | 1.65 (0.871 to1.91) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| SIRT2 | 1.72 (1.14, 2.73) | 3.06 (1.73, 4.13) | 3.56 (3.13, 4.50) | 1.81 (0.895 to 2.14) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Axin-1 | 2.27 (1.61, 3.47) | 2.79 (1.62, 4.11) | 4.31 (3.46, 4.87) | 1.77 (0.833 to 2.21) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| ST1A1 | 0.171 (−0.272, 0.844) | −0.167 (−0.604, 0.772) | 1.33 (0.793, 1.68) | 1.02 (0.237 to 1.19) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Caspase-8 | 0.494 (0.327, 0.884) | 0.975 (0.165, 1.73) | 0.929 (0.717, 1.14) | 0.381 (−0.017 to 0.406) | <0.0001 | <0.001 |
| TWEAK | 7.61 (7.44, 7.82) | 7.93 (7.54, 8.47) | 7.88 (7.72, 8.12) | 0.279 (0.158 to 0.456) | <0.0001 | <0.001 |
| CD244 | 4.66 (4.49, 4.81) | 4.90 (4.55, 5.24) | 4.96 (4.77, 5.09) | 0.270 (0.087 to 0.377) | <0.0001 | <0.001 |
| Stem cell factor | 7.97 (7.68, 8.14) | 8.14 (8.09, 8.29) | 8.19 (8.00, 8.40) | 0.265 (0.080 to 0.432) | <0.001 | 0.001 |
| CX3CL1 | 2.51 (2.27, 2.78) | 2.72 (2.54, 3.06) | 2.78 (2.59, 3.05) | 0.299 (0.107 to 0.534) | <0.001 | 0.0025 |
| Cystatin D | 5.12 (4.78, 5.36) | 5.33 (5.04, 5.65) | 5.42 (5.04, 5.72) | 0.315 (0.074 to 0.551) | <0.001 | 0.0035 |
| CD40L receptor | 9.53 (9.32, 9.75) | 9.54 (9.35, 9.82) | 9.81 (9.52, 10.2) | 0.291 (−0.009 to 0.450) | 0.0011 | 0.0060 |
| DNER | 7.10 (6.98, 7.23) | 7.33 (7.19, 7.56) | 7.22 (7.10, 7.39) | 0.128 (0.009 to 0.244) | 0.0034 | 0.015 |
| ADA | 3.91 (3.64, 4.18) | 3.98 (3.65, 4.37) | 4.18 (3.92, 4.29) | 0.229 (−0.032 to 0.368) | 0.0037 | 0.015 |
| LAP TGF-beta-1 | 4.53 (4.29, 4.87) | 4.67 (4.23, 5.17) | 4.82 (4.57, 5.04) | 0.262 (−0.006 to 0.460) | 0.0041 | 0.016 |
| MCP-1 | 9.86 (9.56, 10.3) | 9.78 (9.48, 10.5) | 10.1 (9.88, 10.3) | 0.245 (−0.016 to 0.393) | 0.0073 | 0.026 |
P values were adjusted using Benjamini-Hochberg correction. Normalised Protein eXpression (NPX) is an arbitrary value with no units, where a high value corresponds to a higher protein concentration.
ADA, adenosine deaminase; CCL-20, C-C motif chemokine 20; CDCP1, Cub domain-containing protein 1; CX3CL1, Fractalkine; DNER, delta and notch-like epidermal growth factor-related receptor; 4E-BP1, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1; FGF-21, fibroblast growth factor 21; HGF, hepatocyte growth factor; IFN-γ, interferon-γ; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-18R1, Interleukin-18 receptor 1; LAP TGF-beta-1, Latency-associated peptide transforming growth factor beta 1; MCP-3, monocyte chemotactic protein 3; SIRT2, SIR2-like protein 2; ST1A1, sulfotransferase 1A1; STAMPB, STAM-binding protein; TWEAK, tumour necrosis factor (Ligand) superfamily, member 12.