Pattern of medication use in the 3 months prior to conception
| Variables | Delivery (n=4576) | APO (n=1152) | P value |
| Not used any DMARDs | 3514 (76.8) | 839 (72.8) | 0.005 |
| Conventional synthetic DMARDs | |||
| Methotrexate | 172 (3.8) | 94 (8.2) | <0.001 |
| Leflunomide | 22 (0.5) | 25 (2.2) | <0.001 |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 735 (16.1) | 200 (17.4) | 0.286 |
| Sulfasalazine | 337 (7.4) | 76 (6.6) | 0.368 |
| Tacrolimus | 74 (1.6) | 24 (2.1) | 0.275 |
| Targeted therapies | 126 (2.8) | 41 (3.6) | 0.146 |
| TNF inhibitor | 104 (2.3) | 32 (2.8) | 0.314 |
| Adalimumab | 31 (0.7) | 11 (1.0) | 0.324 |
| Infliximab | 8 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) | 1.000 |
| Etanercept | 62 (1.4) | 18 (1.6) | 0.592 |
| Golimumab | 5 (0.1) | 2 (0.2) | 0.634 |
| Non-TNF inhibitor | 20 (0.4) | 10 (0.9) | 0.070 |
| Abatacept | 4 (0.1) | 4 (0.3) | 0.057 |
| Tocilizumab | 16 (0.3) | 6 (0.5) | 0.423 |
| JAK inhibitor | 1 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| Tofacitinib | 1 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| Baricitinib | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – |
| Rituximab | 1 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| Other medications | |||
| NSAIDs | 957 (20.9) | 287 (24.9) | 0.003 |
| Oral glucocorticoids | 1642 (35.9) | 414 (35.9) | 0.972 |
| Prednisolone-equivalent dose, mg | 7.3 ± 5.3 | 7.2 ± 4.5 | <0.001 |
Data are presented as numbers with percentages (%) or mean±SD.
APO, adverse pregnancy outcome; DMARD, disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; JAK, Janus kinase; NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; TNF, tumour necrosis factor.