n (%) | Total | Short-term users | Long-term users | ||||
10 334 | 8309 | 80.40% | 2025 | 19.60% | |||
Age | |||||||
Age, mean (SD) | 56.35 (15.11) | (56.06,56.65) | 56.12 (15.61) | (55.78,56.45) | 57.33 (12.82) | (56.77,57.89) | 0.001 |
Age range | |||||||
18–44 | 2439 | (23.60%) | 2090 | (25.15%) | 349 | (17.23%) | <0.001 |
45–64 | 4822 | (46.66%) | 3691 | (44.42%) | 1131 | (55.85%) | |
65–74 | 1846 | (17.86%) | 1493 | (17.97%) | 353 | (17.43%) | |
≥75 | 1227 | (11.87%) | 1035 | (12.46%) | 192 | (9.48%) | |
Sex | |||||||
Sex (men) | 2741 | (26.52%) | 2527 | (30.41%) | 214 | (10.57%) | <0.001 |
Nationality | |||||||
Spain | 8759 | (84.76%) | 6967 | (83.85%) | 1792 | (88.49%) | <0.001 |
European | 607 | (5.87%) | 521 | (6.27%) | 86 | (4.25%) | |
Non-European | 798 | (7.72%) | 685 | (8.24%) | 113 | (5.58%) | |
Unknown | 170 | (1.65%) | 136 | (1.64%) | 34 | (1.68%) | |
Income level (euros/year) | |||||||
<18 000 | 7634 | (73.87%) | 6178 | (74.35%) | 1456 | (71.90%) | 0.022 |
18 000–100 000 | 1633 | (15.80%) | 1311 | (15.78%) | 322 | (15.90%) | |
>100 000 | 23 | (0.22%) | 19 | (0.23%) | 4 | (0.20%) | |
No resources | 1008 | (9.75%) | 771 | (9.28%) | 237 | (11.70%) | |
Unknown | 36 | (0.35%) | 30 | (0.36%) | 6 | (0.30%) | |
Comorbidities | |||||||
Anxiety | 5707 | (55.23%) | 4312 | (51.90%) | 1395 | (68.89%) | <0.001 |
COPD | 623 | (6.03%) | 484 | (5.83%) | 139 | (6.86%) | 0.087 |
Dementia | 344 | (3.33%) | 258 | (3.11%) | 86 | (4.25%) | 0.012 |
Depression | 3068 | (29.69%) | 2155 | (25.94%) | 913 | (45.09%) | <0.001 |
Diabetes | 1461 | (14.14%) | 1191 | (14.33%) | 270 | (13.33%) | 0.261 |
Drug abuse | 185 | (1.79%) | 153 | (1.84%) | 32 | (1.58%) | 0.483 |
Heart failure | 252 | (2.44%) | 204 | (2.46%) | 48 | (2.37%) | 0.887 |
Hypertension | 4051 | (39.20%) | 3201 | (38.52%) | 850 | (41.98%) | 0.005 |
Ischaemic cardiomyopathy | 483 | (4.67%) | 412 | (4.96%) | 71 | (3.51%) | 0.007 |
Liver disease | 1009 | (9.76%) | 769 | (9.26%) | 240 | (11.85%) | <0.001 |
Personality disorders | 223 | (2.16%) | 169 | (2.03%) | 54 | (2.67%) | 0.095 |
Psychotic disorders | 802 | (7.76%) | 574 | (6.91%) | 228 | (11.26%) | <0.001 |
Other psychiatric disorders | 1287 | (12.45%) | 946 | (11.39%) | 341 | (16.84%) | <0.001 |
Renal disease | 609 | (5.89%) | 489 | (5.89%) | 120 | (5.93%) | 0.986 |
Sleep disorders | 2892 | (27.99%) | 2154 | (25.92%) | 738 | (36.44%) | <0.001 |
Previous suicidal ideation | 30 | (0.29%) | 21 | (0.25%) | 9 | (0.44%) | 0.227 |
Lifestyle | |||||||
Alcohol | 274 | (2.65%) | 230 | (2.77%) | 44 | (2.17%) | 0.156 |
Tobacco | 1574 | (15.23%) | 1233 | (14.84%) | 341 | (16.84%) | 0.027 |
COPD, congestive obstructive pulmonary disease.