Clinical reviewThe role of sleep hygiene in promoting public health: A review of empirical evidence
Section snippets
Empirical support for individual sleep hygiene recommendations
Below we provide a review of the empirical support for several of the most common sleep hygiene recommendations including caffeine consumption, smoking, alcohol use, exercise, stress, noise, sleep timing, and daytime napping. The present review is not exhaustive, but reports on representative studies, with a particular emphasis on research that examined specific parameters of recommendations (e.g., timing of behavior, amount of exposure) and research that directly evaluated the change in sleep
Conclusions
The present review evaluated the empirical support for individual sleep hygiene recommendations for adults with nonclinical sleep problems. Specifically, we performed a selective review of research investigating the impact of caffeine use, smoking, alcohol use, exercise, stress management, noise, sleep timing, and napping on nocturnal sleep characteristics. Epidemiologic and laboratory research provide some support for the relationships between individual sleep hygiene components and sleep, and
Acknowledgments
Grant support for Dr. Irish was provided by NIH MH019986, and support for Drs. Kline and Gunn was provided by NIH HL082610. Dr. Kline received additional support from NIH K23 HL118318, Dr. Buysse received support from NIH MH024652 and AG020677 and Dr. Hall received support from NIH HL104607.
Dr. Buysse has served as a paid or unpaid consultant on scientific advisory boards for the following companies: Merck, Philips Respironics, Purdue Pharma and General Sleep Corporation. Dr. Buysse has also
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