Objective: To develop recommendations regarding adherence to physical therapy programs by patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis.
Methods: We used the method recommended by the French Society for Physical and Rehabilitation Therapy (SOFMER), which combines a systematic literature review, a practice survey, and validation by a multidisciplinary panel of experts.
Results: When setting up exercise programs for patients with lower limb osteoarthritis, measures should be taken to increase effectiveness by optimizing adherence. Patient selection is among these measures, as exercise programs are more likely to succeed in patients with a history of being physically active, a positive view of the suggested program, and/or favorable social and material conditions. Regardless of the type of exercise, the program should be tailored to exercise capacity and pain level (professional consensus). Patient adherence can be improved by explaining the expected results to the patient, asking the patient to keep a self-evaluation diary, conducting long-term evaluations (by phone or mail), and providing follow-up visits.
Conclusion: Studies of adherence according to the type of exercise are needed. The relevance of widely used incentives in patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis should be evaluated in new therapeutic trials.