Abstract
The human endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP) 1 and 2 proteins were initially identified as homologues of human placental leucine aminopeptidase/insulin-regulated aminopeptidase. They are categorized as a unique class of proteases based on their subcellular localization on the luminal side of the endoplasmic reticulum. ERAPs play an important role in the N-terminal processing of the antigenic precursors that are presented on the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. ERAPs are also implicated in the regulation of a wide variety of physiological phenomena and pathogenic conditions. In this review, the current knowledge on ERAPs is summarized.
Keywords:
aminopeptidase; ankylosis spondylitis; antigen presentation; autoimmune diseases; endoplasmic reticulum.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Aminopeptidases / genetics*
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Aminopeptidases / metabolism
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Antigen Presentation
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Crohn Disease / enzymology
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Crohn Disease / genetics*
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Crohn Disease / pathology
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Cystinyl Aminopeptidase / genetics
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Cystinyl Aminopeptidase / metabolism
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Endometrial Neoplasms / enzymology
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Endometrial Neoplasms / genetics*
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Endometrial Neoplasms / pathology
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Endoplasmic Reticulum / enzymology*
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Endoplasmic Reticulum / genetics
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Female
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Gene Expression
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Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / genetics
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Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / metabolism
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Humans
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Minor Histocompatibility Antigens
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Multiple Sclerosis / enzymology
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Multiple Sclerosis / genetics*
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Multiple Sclerosis / pathology
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Mutation
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Promoter Regions, Genetic
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Psoriasis / enzymology
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Psoriasis / genetics*
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Psoriasis / pathology
Substances
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Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
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Minor Histocompatibility Antigens
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Aminopeptidases
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ERAP1 protein, human
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ERAP2 protein, human
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Cystinyl Aminopeptidase
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leucyl-cystinyl aminopeptidase