Abstract In 1973, IL-6 was identified as a soluble factor that is secreted by T cells and is
important for antibody production by B cells. Since its discovery more than 40 years ago, the …

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine with a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of
rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is found in abundance in the synovial fluid and serum of patients …

Cytokines are key drivers of inflammation in RA, and anti-cytokine therapy has improved the
outcome of RA. Janus Kinases (JAK) are intracellular tyrosine kinases linked to intracellular …

Polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) are idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs)
with an autoimmune pathogenesis. Typical features are subacute-onset, proximal …

Objective To develop evidence-based European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology
(EULAR) points to consider (PtCs) for the management of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid …

The objective of the module was to (1) establish a core domain set for fibromyalgia (FM)
assessment in clinical trials and practice,(2) review outcome measure performance …

Background Rheumatic and musculoskeletal immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are
observed in about 10% of patients with cancer receiving checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs). Given …

C-reactive protein (CRP) is routinely assessed as a marker of systemic inflammation in
rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, it is also an immune regulator that plays an important …

Objectives To unravel the hierarchy of cellular/molecular pathways in the disease tissue of
early, treatment-naïve rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and determine their relationship …

Although pain reduction is commonly the primary outcome in chronic pain clinical trials,
physical functioning is also important. A challenge in designing chronic pain trials to …