Richter transformation (RT) is a paradigmatic evolution of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
(CLL) into a very aggressive large B cell lymphoma conferring a dismal prognosis. The …

Palatine tonsils are secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) representing the first line of
immunological defense against inhaled or ingested pathogens. We generated an atlas of …

Low bone formation is considered to be the main feature in osteoporosis associated with
cholestatic and end‐stage liver diseases, although the consequences of retained …

METHODS: Two hundred fifty-four PBC patients (93.3% female, 51±12.3 years old) were
tested for anti-HK1 and anti-KLHL12, antimitochondrial (AMA), anti-gp210, and anti-sp100 …

Sclerostin is involved in the regulation of osteoblastogenesis and little is known about its
role in the development of bone disease in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), characterized by …

Spinal cord injury (SCI) has been associated with a marked increase in bone loss and bone
remodeling, especially short‐term after injury. The absence of mechanical load, mediated by …

COI notes: E. Ca. has been a consultant for Takeda, NanoString, AbbVie and Illumina; has
received honoraria from Janssen, EUSPharma and Roche for speaking at educational …

Osteoporosis in advanced cholestatic and end-stage liver disease is related to low bone
formation. Previous studies have demonstrated the deleterious consequences of lithocholic …

Alendronate is a well-established treatment for osteoporosis and suppresses bone
resorption by a direct effect on osteoclasts and their precursors. The effect of alendronate on …

Abstract Background and Aims Osteoporosis is a common complication in patients with
primary biliary cholangitis. Both bilirubin and lithocholic acid (LCA) result in detrimental …